1/7 of Quarter 3 Test The Earth and Its Peoples
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| 335282697 | Alexander I | the czar of Russia whose plans to liberalize the government of Russia were unrealized because of the wars with Napoleon (1777-1825) | 0 | |
| 335282698 | Alexander II | the son of Nicholas I who, as czar of Russia, introduced reforms that included limited emancipation of the serfs (1818-1881) | 1 | |
| 335282699 | Cixi | Ultraconservative empress in Qing (Manchu) dynasty China. Ruled china in the turbulent late 19th century, not as a true Empress but as an Empress Dowager. | 2 | |
| 335282700 | Florence Nightingale | Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing. began professional education of nursing. | 3 | |
| 335282701 | Hong Xiuquan | leader of the Taiping rebellion; converted to specifically Chinese form of Christianity; attacked traditional Confucian teachers of Chinese elite | 4 | |
| 335282702 | Mahmud II | Ottoman sultan; built a private, professional army; fomented revolution of Janissaries and crushed them with private army; destroyed power of Janissaries and their religious allies; initiated reform of Ottoman Empire on Western precedents | 5 | |
| 335282703 | Muhammad Ali | Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early 19th century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952 | 6 | |
| 335282704 | Nicholas I | (1825-1855) Russian Tsar that succeeced Alexander; he strengthened the secret police and the bureaucracy. He was also wiling to use Russian troops to crush revolutions, as he greatly feared them. | 7 | |
| 335282705 | Selim III | Sultan who ruled ottoman empire from 1789 to 1807; aimed at improving administrative efficiency and building a new army and navy; toppled by janissaries in 1807 | 8 | |
| 335282706 | Yamagata Aritomo | Leader of the Meiji Restoration; twice the prime minister of Japan and a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army; one of the architects of the foundations of early modern Japan; father of Japanese Militarism | 9 | |
| 335282707 | Zeng Guofan | Qing official who raised effective military forces against the Taiping assault on Northern China | 10 | |
| 335282708 | Bannermen | hereditary military servants of the Qing Empire, in large part descendants of peoples of various origins who had fought for the founders of the empire | 11 | |
| 335282709 | Janissary | Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from 15th century until the corps was abolished in 1826 | 12 | |
| 335282710 | Serbia | The Ottoman province in the Balkans that rose up against Janissary control in the early 1800's | 13 | |
| 335282711 | Slavophiles | Russian intellectuals in the early 19th century who favored resisting western European influences and taking pride in the traditional peasant values and institutions of the Slavic people. | 14 | |
| 335282712 | treaty ports | Cities opened to foreign residents as a result of the forced treaties between the Qing Empire and foreign signatories. In the treaty ports, foreigners enjoyed extraterritoriality. | 15 | |
| 335282713 | Crimean War | conflict between the Russian and Ottoman empires fought primarily on the Crimean Peninsula. Britain and France supported Ottomans. | 16 | |
| 335282714 | Decembrist Revolt | place in Russia on December 14 1825, Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I's assumption of the throne after his elder brother Constantine removed himself from the line of succession. | 17 | |
| 335282715 | Extraterritoriality | Right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation. | 18 | |
| 335282716 | Most-favored-nation status | A clause in a commercial treaty that awards to any later signatories all the privileges previously granted to the original signatories. (p. 686) | 19 | |
| 335282717 | Opium War | Britain was a bitch to China and said "you will take our opium or we'll kill you all" and China was like "woah brah, ok, I'll take your opium. " and thats how the treaty of Nanking was made! | 20 | |
| 335282718 | Pan-Slavism | A movement to promote the independence of Slav people. Roughly started with the Congress in Prague; supported by Russia. Led to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877. | 21 | |
| 335282719 | Taiping Rebellion | 1854-1868 peasant led 14 year-long rebellion in China; demanded equality, no private propery, dividing of harvest (they lost) | 22 | |
| 335282720 | Tanzimat | Restructuring reforms by the 19th century Ottoman rulers, intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureaucracy more efficient | 23 | |
| 335282721 | Treaty of Nanking | Treaty that concluded the Opium War. It awarded Britain a large indemnity from the Qing Empire, denied the Qing government tariff control over some of its own borders, opened additional ports of residence to Britons, and ceded Hong Kong to Britain. | 24 | |
| 335282722 | Young Ottomans | Movement of young intellectuals to institute liberal reforms and build a feeling of national identity in the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century. | 25 |
