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AP World Final Review Flashcards

This took me hours but I hope it helps you, and many others pass this AP World final. There's a lot, yes, but in the end it can prove itself worth it for the AP Exam as well (that way you don't have to pay 20 bucks for a 1,000 term one!)

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5698251480What were early humans known for being?Hunters and gatherers, moved around a lot (nomadic).0
5698264916What revolution had the development of farming?The Neolithic Revolution.1
5698294220What was the cause of job specializations in 8000 BCE?Due to farming, animal breeding, settlements, stability, and food surplus.2
5698312553What was part of the craft industry?Pottery, metallurgy, textiles.3
5698320072What's the early beginnings of metal?Copper was the earliest, lead to bronze (tin and copper, 3000 BCE), and iron. Carbon came around 1000 BCE.4
5698335016When did civilizations start to develop?3500 BCE, which led to population growth and cities.5
5698362282What did early civilizations, overtime, have?Organized governments, complex religions, social structures, writing, job specialization, and marketplaces.6
5698371105Where were early civilizations developed?Along rivers.7
5698378814Which classical civilizations considered organization to a high level?Greece, Rome, China, and India.8
5698382336What caused collapses for early civilizations?Internal - Corrupt government, high taxes, poor leaders External - Famine, over extensions9
5698410714For classical civilizations, what order was the recovery rate for each civilization?China (quickest), India, and Rome (most severe).10
5698416172Where was Mesopotamia?Tigris and Euphrates river, fertile crescent.11
5698423392What was the first civilization?Sumer (3500 BCE).12
5698426270What did Sumer use first?The wheel.13
5698430588What were Sumerian temples called?Ziggurats.14
5698433979What writing system did Sumerians use?Cuneiform.15
5698446442In Sumer, who ruled their city states? What was their social class system?Kings ruled. Then, priests, commoners, and slaves were below.16
5698451910What currency did Sumerians use?Silver.17
5698451911What did Sumerians contribute to history?Calendar and astronomy.18
5698464779What code did Babylonians contribute?Hammurabi's Code 1st written law: eye for an eye.19
5698471159Where were early Egyptian's located?Along the Nile River.20
5698475516What were Egyptian rulers called?Pharaohs, or god-like kings.21
5698482054What were tombs in early Egyptian civilizations?Tombs.22
5698484686What was mummification?The preservation of human or animal remains, a common practice for Egyptian rituals.23
5698505582How did the Egyptian calendar contribute to history?The Egyptian calendar is similar to our modern calendars, 12 months with 30 day incriments, following up with about 365 days in their years.24
5698527607What are hieroglyphics?Ancient Egyptian writings made up of stylized pictures of an object representing a word, syllable, or sound.25
5698547476When did the Phoenicians reign?1300 BCE.26
5698556563What was the language of Phoenicians?Simplified alphabet, predecessor to Greek and Latin.27
5698617516What nomadic group moved from Mesopotamia to Palestine?Early Judaism followers.28
5698644902What religion from 2000 BCE follows a monotheistic belief?Judaism.29
5698647818What religion had a "covenant" with God?Judaism.30
5698650273What did the ten commandments emphasize?Living a moral life.31
5698653362When did the Romans drive out Jewish settlers?The Diaspora, 135 CE.32
5698655413What is the Torah?The law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first give books of the Hebrew scriptures.33
5698674445Origins of Jesus?He was Jewish, born in Judea.34
5698676631What did Jesus preach?He preached the Kingdom of God at hand.35
5698686278What is Christian teachings derived from?Jewish teachings.36
5698704592What did the Old Testament teach?Equality of souls came before God, and emphasized eternal life.37
5698709633According to the bible, who crucified Jesus?Romans in 30 CE.38
5698735760How was Christianity spread?Apostle Paul.39
5698738033Where was the Shang Dynasty?Along the Huang He (Yellow) River in China.40
5698758909What writing system was used during the Shang Dynasty (1500 BCE)?Oracle bones, developed ideographic symbols, or pictograph writing.41
5714007238True or False: The Zhou Dynasty was considered a "long lasting" dynasty.True!42
5714013741Where did the Zhou emperor received power from?The Mandate of Heaven.43
5714017476Where did the Zhou Dynasty expand to?The Middle Kingdom, between the Huanghe and Yangtze rivers.44
5714042898True or False: The Zhou dynasty had a strong central government.False, the dynasty's government was not powerful.45
5714051480Who was Confucius?A philosopher who wanting to bring order to end warring states.46
5714071802What did Confucianism entail for "order to warring states"?1. Ren (appropriate feelings) 2. Li (correct actions) 3. Filial piety (respect for parents, elders, need to know proper role and relationship to others)47
5714099927What were five key Confucian relationships?Ruler-subject, father-son, husband-wife, older brother-younger brother, friend-friend.48
5714115651Who was the founder of Daoism (Taoism)?Laozi, the founder of "School of Thought".49
5714131987What was the main belief in Daoism?Humans should coexist in harmony; a way of nature.50
5714161888Which concept were Daoists taught?Act by not acting -Wu Wei51
5714190875Which of the following did Daoists believe in regards to war? a. War is the best method for harmony. b. War should never be used. c. Defensive tactics are important, shouldn't involve war. d. War can only be used for defensive purposes.D!52
5714195048Who was the first emperor of the Qin dynasty?Shi Huangdi.53
5714199240True or False: Shi Huangdi was known for being extremely brutal.True.54
5714250682What did Shi Huangdi help with in early Chinese civilization history?He brought order after the Era of Warring States.55
5714256786Which Chinese emperor started the Great Wall?Shi Huangdi.56
5714276098Which Chinese emperor built the Terracotta army?Shi Huangdi.57
5714280909Which Chinese emperor used Legalism to teach his people?Shi Huangdi58
5714308332What did Shi Huangdi enforce for a better society?Strict laws, punishment to behave, strong central government, an absolute leader, and heavy taxes.59
5714339544Which rule did the Han dynasty retain?Imperial rule.60
5714361225Which important Chinese emperor built roads and started civil service exams based on Confucianism?Wu Di (Wu Ti).61
5714368334Which dynasty started the flourish for the silk road?The Han Dynasty.62
5714386229True or False: the Han dynasty was a patriarchal society.True.63
5714396421What inventions were created during the Han dynasty?Wheel barrow, watermills, rudder, compass, and paper.64
5714418155When did Polynesian people reach Fiji and Samoa?1000 BCE.65
5714422525How did Polynesian people reach Hawaii?Outrigger canoes.66
5714427205What did Polynesian people bring to Hawaii?Pigs and a caste system ruled by local kings.67
5714448347What was formed along the Indus river in 2500 BCE?The River Valley civilization, which supported several large cities including Harrapa and Mohenjo Daro.68
5714581751Were river valley civilizations monotheistic or polytheistic?Polytheistic - belief in more than one God.69
5714626101Where did Nomadic Aryan migrants enter from?The north.70
5714641243What did Nomadic Aryans bring to the North?Hymns, songs, prayers (Vedas).71
5714650129What language were Vedas written in?Sanskirt.72
5714653072What did the Vedas lead to?A caste system. 1. Varnas ; Brahmins (priests and scholars) 2. Ksatriyas (rulers and warriors) 3. Vaisyas (merchants) 4. Shudras (servants) 5. The Untouchables.73
5714680492True or False: Hinduism has a founder.False, no known founder of Hinduism.74
5714689008What do Hindus have to do?Dharmas, or duties to perform in life.75
5714695050What happens if Hindus perform their Dharma?Good Karma, allows them to move up level of Samsara in next life because of reincarnation after death.76
5714702049What is reincarnation?The rebirth after death in Hindu religion.77
5714713119What is the ultimate goal of Hinduism?Moksha - oneness with the universe.78
5714743702What are some gods in the Hindu faith?Brahma (creator) Vishnu (preserver) Shiva (destroyer)79
5714759364Who was the founder of Buddhism?Siddhartha Gautama.80
5714770460What encouraged Siddhartha Guatama towards enlightenment?The amount of suffering he saw in everyday life.81
5714776892What are the four noble truths of Buddhism?1. All life is suffering. 2. Suffering is caused by desire. 3. There is always a way out of suffering. 4. The way out of suffering is to follow the 8 fold path and live in a righteous manner.82
5714801263What's the goal of Buddhism?Nirvana, similar to the ultimate goal of Hinduism which is Moksha.83
5714813521True or False: Buddhism thrives on the cycle of rebirth.False, Buddhism's goal is to reach Nirvana and not worry about the rebirth cycle.84
5714826698What are some beliefs of Buddhism?You don't need Gods and you will seek enlightenment on your own.85
5715082413What is one thing Buddhism had about their believers that was different from other religions?There was equality of all believers.86
5715085894Who spread the message of Buddhism?Missionaries.87
5715142285After Buddha's death, how did the classes split?Theravada (way of elders) Hinayana (lesser vehicle) Mahayana (greater vehicle)88
5715345349Who founded the Mauryan Empire?Chanragupta Maurya89
5715366668What did Chanragupta Maurya end? What did he enforce?A long period of decentralized rule. He enforced regional kingdoms.90
5715382970Who was the most famous Mauryan ruler?Ashoka, grandson of Chanragupta Maurya.91
5715391777Which religion did Ashoka convert to, then later spread?Buddhism.92
5715396874What new found kings established the empire named after them?The Guptas.93
5715413663What did the Guptas do in their new empire?Left local government intake and reestablished Hinduism.94
5715434371What did the Mauryan and Gupta empires trade through the silk road?Cotton and pepper.95
5715437780What math systems did the Guptas use?Algebra, pi, arabic numbers.96
5715443132Who conquered both the Guptas and the Mauryans?Nomads (white Huns).97
5715448385What was Sub Saharian Africa made up of?Mostly stateless cities.98
5715451555What was the most important trade corridor on the Nile?Nubia.99
5715456340What empire battled Egyptians in the upper Nile?Kush empire.100
5715461121Which kingdom defeated Kush?Kingdom of Axum, which eventually fell to Ethiopia.101
5715463447What is Bantu?An important language based group that emerged in the Niger River Basin, then migrated throughout Africa.102
5715477345What were Greek city states called?Polis.103
5715480778What type of democracy was found in Athens?A direct democracy.104
5715492409Who had military rule in Greece (1000 BCE)?Spartans.105
5715502718Due to fighting together during the Persian war and winning, what was formed?The Delian League, which was an alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens and formed in 478 BCE to liberate eastern Greek cities from Persian rule.106
5715516035What war caused the Delian League to fight against each other?Peloponnesian War.107
5715531521Who was the king of Macedonia?King Phillip II.108
5715539957What did King Phillip II's son contribute to Macedonia?His son, Alexander, set up empire, spread Greek culture (Hellenism), which was polytheistic.109
5715554408What great philosophers emerged from Greece?Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.110
5715559066What famous Epic Poem author came from Greece?Homer, wrote (spoke) the Illiad and the Odyssey.111
5715573507What was the first American civilization?Olmecs, or the "mother civilization" (1200 - 400 BCE) in Mesoamerica.112
5715577857What was the next society in early American history?Teotihuacan, near Mexico city.113
5715593552Where did the Mayans establish their empire?Yucatan peninsula.114
5715595926Where did the Chavins establish?Andes mountains.115
5715604445What is a republic?Government in which people elect representatives.116
5715610760Which government changed from a monarchy to a republic?Rome.117
5715614220What is the name of the wealthy class that dominated Rome?Patricians.118
5715616224Who were the common people of Rome?Plebeians.119
5715626639How did Rome gain their position?By winning the Punic Wars with Cartage.120
5715630849Who lead the conquest of Gaul?Julius Caesar.121
5715635458Who was claimed as "dictator for life"?Julius Caesar.122
5715638473Who is Octavian?The nephew of Julius Caesar who took over Roman rule, earning the title Augustus.123
5715649928What laws did Augustus write?Twelve Tables.124
5715657200What culture did Rome derive during Augustus's rule?Greek.125
5715660353What was a great architectural achievement of Romans?Their roadways.126
5715733086What is the Edit of Milan?Emperor Constantine's bill to grant legal status for Christians.127
5715761024Due to the collapse of the Roman empire, which two directions did Christianity split into?Roman Catholic (west_ and Eastern Orthodox.128
5715774322What society did Islam spring from?Bedouin (nomads)129
5715778774What did the Kaaba's find important?Idol worship.130
5715783457What is the story of Muhammad?A merchant who was 40 years old when he was visited by angel Gabriel. He received revelation that Allah was the only true God. He was God's messenger, and preached all equal before god. Said that you must face judgement (heaven or hell).131
5715799142Where did Muhammad flee to?Medina (Hijra).132
5715808587True or False: Muhammad was the last in the long line of Jewish and Christian prophets.True!133
5715823308What did Muhammad do when he returned to Mecca?He captured the city and after his death, his followers wrote down revelations in their holy book, the Quran.134
5715837880What were some attributes of Islam?It was a universal religion, open to all, appealed to the poor and women.135
5715841258What are the five pillars of Islam?1. No God but Allah. 2. Pray 5 times, facing Mecca. 3. Give alms. 4. Fast during Ramadan. 5. Make pilgrimage to Mecca.136
5715851440What happened after Mohammed's death?There was a battle over the successor (caliph) and Sunni (most worthy) and Shiite (descendant of Ali) split.137
5715876963What did the Sunni begin?Umayyad Caliphate, moved their capital to Damascus, eventually extending their empire around the Mediterranean.138
5715890056True or False: Jews and Christians (Dhimmi, people of the book) were tolerated as long as they paid taxes.True!139
5715893788What was the official language of the Muslim world?Arabic!140
5715898281Who followed the Umayyad Caliphate?Abbasid Caliphate, moved their capital to Baghdad.141
5715910187What were some highlights in Islamic culture?Pottery, rugs, Algebra, The Thousand and One Nights, Ibn Battuta, and kept Greek ideas alive.142
5715918000Who captured caliph in 1258 and took over?The Mongols (Ilkhan, Hulegu).143
5715922763Who reunified at the end of period under Islamic rule?The Ottomans.144
5715929468What was reunified after 350 year Era of Division?The Sui Dynasty, under Wendi, which later became Yangdi.145
5715938498What dynasty reestablished the exam system and the Silk Road?Sui Dynasty.146
5715941404Which dynasty built the Grand Canal?Sui Dynasty.147
5715955213Which dynasty expanded borders by setting up a tributary system?Tang Dynasty.148
5715959403What did the Tang Dynasty increase?The silk industry and trade over the Silk Road and the Indian Ocean trade network.149
5715967509Who is Empress Wu?She supported and spread Buddhism after her anti Buddhist campaign and growth of Neo-Conficuanism.150
5715981829Who was the famous Chinese poet during the Tang Dynasty?Li Bou.151
5715987208What was the Song Dynasty?The most technologically advanced society of its time.152
5715993552What was a difference between the Tang and Song dynasty?The Song dynasty did not have as strong of a military as the Tang dynasty.153
5716000341What did the Song dynasty develop?Working compass, paper money, flying cash (credit), gunpowder, and block printing.154
5716006548What is foot binding?The compressing of the feet of girls with tight bandages (as formerly in China) so as to keep the feet from being over three or four inches long.155
5716017872Who was a great rival of the Song Dynasty?Neo-Confucianism.156
5716025967What emperor's rule did the Mongols attack under?Chingis Khan.157
5716028678After Khan's death, who took over?His grandson, Kublai Khan.158
5716041649What became the official language of the Yuan dynasty?Mandarin.159
5716044387What religion did the Yuan dynasty adopt?Buddhism.160
5716047345What other achievements were completed by the Yuan dynasty?They restarted trade, rebuilt China's roads, canals, and the Great Wall.161
5716055943What explorer (has a game named after him) visited the Yuan dynasty?Marco Polo.162
5716063059After Kublai Khan's death, what lead to the Yuan dynasty overthrow?Poor leadership and the bubonic plague.163
5716080685Who was Zhu Yuanzhang?A soldier who became Emperior Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty.164
5716086203What did Emperior Hongwu revive?Scholar-gentry: civil servants appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day governance from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty.165
5716096441How was did the army of the Ming dynasty?Very strong, including their navy.166
5716099680Who did the Ming dynasty send on long voyages to Africa?Zheng He, where he traded porcelain.167
5716108949What was the emperior of the Hein period considered?Descendant from the Shinto God.168
5716113020What was the Tale of Genji?A story written by Lady Muraski, who wrote about the court life.169
5716121751What war led to the medieval period in Japan?Taira-Minamoto war.170
5716127496What is a sho-gun?A great general, that shared their power with the daimyo (warlords).171
5716132590What are samurais?The "one who serves", or Japanese warriors.172
5716140956What was the code of Bushito?A code that held that the true warrior must hold that loyalty, courage, veracity, compassion, and honor as important, above all else.173
5716150724What was the new form of Buddhism?Zen.174
5716155375What kingdom allied with Tang?The Silla Kingdom, in order to defeat Koguryo and Paekce kingdoms.175
5716164781What part of Asia fell under Chinese influence?Vietnam.176
5716166985What's the Khmer civilization?A civilization that emerged in Cambodia and Laos, the city of Angkor Wat.177
5716172314What was Malacca?An economic powerhouse in the Indian Ocean Sea trading network.178
5716179566When did Polynesians reach New Zealand?The 8th century, the Maori.179
5716189585When did India disunite?600-1200.180
5716196676What did Muslim invaders unite?A large part to Establish Delhi Sultanate.181
5716203134Who was Timur?A Mongol warlord that conquered part of India, Middle East, and Russia.182
5716215690What were the three zones of the Indian Ocean Trade Network and what did they trade at each post?Arab - goods from Africa (ivory, timber, gold, slaves) to the Middle East - (textiles, carpets, glass, horses) The middle zone offered Indian gems, elephants, salt, cotton cloth, and cinnamon (Sri Lanka). The east had wood (Indonesia) and silk, porcelain, paper, (China), and silver (Japan).183
5716237298In Africa, what was most common?Stateless societies.184
5716243258What were small community characteristics in Africa?Hunting, gathering, metalwork, lineage that was sometimes matrilineal, animistic, and had oral tradition.185
5716255834Who eventually fell to Muslim invaders?Ghana.186
5716261311Who were the most dedicated converts?Berbers (desert nomads, jihad).187
5716265158What became a strong Muslim empire along the Niger River?Mali, which was founded by Sundiata.188
5716268152Who was the most power ruler of Mali?Mansa Musa, who went on a famous hajj spreading gold, also bringing back Muslim scholars and artisans to Timbuktu.189
5716281449How was East Africa part of Indian Ocean Trading Network?Through Swahili city states.190
5716288106What did Central Africa have?Great Zimbabwe, a city of 20,000 people.191
5716299403Which empire centered around Constantinople?The Byzantine Empire.192
5716306334What was the center of Eastern orthodox church?The Byzantine Empire.193
5716308418Which missionaries spread religion?Cyril and Methodius, who spoke Greek.194
5716309946Who was Justinian?The most famous Byzantine emperor, who issued a code based off the Roman 12 tables.195
5716317597What were Justinian's achievements?The Hagia Sophia and used Greek fire.196
5716326400Who took the Byzantine land?Seljuk Turks, that eventually lost it to the Ottoman Empire.197
5716329836Who established Kiev Rus?Danish Prince Rurik.198
5716332017Who as Vladimir I?A man who began a separate Russian Orthodox church, who was highly decentralized under Boyars (aristocrats).199
5716341277Who was Yaroslav?The last great Kievan prince, who established law codes.200
5716358396Who were under Batu and the golden horde?Mongols (Taters).201
5716363004Who did the power shift to as Mongol's increased trade?Moscow.202
5716365626What battle defeated the Golden Horde?The Battle of Kulikova in 1380.203
5716376105Who followed the Mayans?The Toltecs.204
5716379493What was Tenochtitlan?The chief city, that was built on a lake with little floating islands called chinampas to feed their people.205
5716384824What was built for human sacrifice in Mesoamerica?Pyramids.206
5716390039Where did the Incas live?Rugged terrain (Andes Mountains)207
5716394930What were contributions from the Incas?Built roads with way stations called tambos, terrace farming, irrigation, bred Llamas, large cities like Machu Picchu, used labor tribute system (mita).208
5716401760True or False: The Incas had a written language.False.209
5716410229What are quipu?Knotted strings the Incas used to record information.210
5716431732When were the dark ages?50-1000.211
5716438285Who awarded land (fiefs) to loyal vassals?Monarchs and Lords (nobles).212
5716440718What was manorialism?Serfs worked the land and a portion had to be given to the lord in exchange for protection.213
5716445993Who controlled learning in Western Europe?Monks.214
5716461327What Pope launched crusades to recapture the Holy Land?Pope Urban II.215
5716463762Who was Charles Martel?A man who defeated Muslims in Spain and Portugual (Battle of Tours, 732)216
5716471292Who was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor?Charlemagne.217
5716473781What was a trade later in Western Europe?Urbanization.218
5716476754What is the Renaissance?A cultural rebirth in Western Europe that had an emphasis on humanism and classicism.219
5716481628Who is Prince Henry?The man who established of navigation school and sponsored voyages.220
5716496342What was the Colombian Exchange?A global trade network in America where goods, diseases, and culture was traded.221
5716512701What did the Sultan Memed II lead?The capture of Constantinople, which expanded after Mongols declined.222
5716516869Who is Suleyman?The most famous Sultan in the Middle East.223
5716561665Who led troops in battle of Chaldiran?Ismail, lost because he had no muskets for his army.224
5716565898What did Abbas the Great contribute to the Safavid empire?Gunpowder, built public work projects, mosques, and school.225
5716575537What did European's establish in China?trading ports, trading with silver.226
5716577356What caused revolts in China?Ming rulers being weak, famine, Manchus (;ed by Nurhaci)227
5716590630In China, what did Canton have at their trade port?Silk, porcelain, and tea.228
5716593397Most famous ruler from East China?Kangxi - skilled general and lawgiver.229
5716601856Who gained influence in Japan?European missionaries such as Francis Xavier.230
5716603596Who reunified Japan after they went to chaos?Tokugawa Ieyasu, who appointed himself shogun and moved capital to Edo.231
5716609824In southeast Asia and Oceania, what were dominant religions?Buddhism and Hinduism were dominant religions, with Islam import and in Indonesia and the southern part of the Philippines.232
5716615861What happened to Indonesia's economic importance?European's came and conquered what they could, traded elsewhere.233
5716623556Who was Babur?A mongol warlord who began the Mughal empire and led a multitude of invasions.234
5716629832When did south asia reach its peak?During the rule of Akbar, the grandson of Babur.235
5716632405Who built the Taj Mahal?Shah Jahan, in memory of his wife.236
5716635162Who is Aurangzeb?Akbar's great grandson, who was extremely intolerant of non-Muslim.237
5716646465What happened in West Africa?Portuguese pushed down the coast of west Africa and established forts and trading posts with African merchants.238
5716651427What was El Mina?The most important factory on the Gold coast.239
5716655472What did Europeans do in Africa?Changed character of slave trade form east (Arab, Female) to West (Atlantic, Male), working with local powerful kingdoms named Asante and Dahomey.240
5716663148What did east africa trade?Gold, ivory, and slaves.241
5716668445Where was the Dutch East India company?The cape of good hope, where Boers (Settlers) began to arrive.242
5716672936What was done by Ivan the Great? What about Ivan the Terrible?Helped end Mongol rule and free moscow. Ivan the terrible killed many boyars.243
5716682474What happened with Spanish conquistadors?They led invasion of Aztecs (Hernan Cortes) and Incas (Francisco Pizarro), and eventually created New Spain.244
5716688852What happened to Native American Populations?Many died due to diseases such as smallpox and measles and others died because of forced labor in gold and silver mines.245
5716694164What's an encomienda?A system that forced natives to work as slaves, which reduced their numbers and led to escalation of the Atlantic slave trade for workers.246
5716701064How did the system for New Spain go?10 audiencias, peninsularies, creoles, then mestizos, mulattos, and zambos. The bottom had slaves as well.247
5716710800Who were some explorers from Western Europe?Christopher Columbus - sponsored by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. Ferdinand Magellan - goes around the world Vasco da Gama - reached India from Portugual248
5716674929How did Renaissance affect the North?It spread influence, such as intellectual thought, human reason, and accumulated in the Scientific revolution.249

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