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AP World History 02 Flashcards

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298859153Huanghe riverriver flowing from the Tibetan plateau to the China Sea; its valley was site of early Chinese sedentary agricultural communities.0
298859154Ordos bulgelocated on the Huanghe river; region of fertile soil; site of Yangshao and Longshan cultures.1
298859155loessfine-grained soil deposited in Ordos bulge; created fertile lands for sedentary agricultural communities.2
298859156Yangshao culturea formative Chinese culture located at Ordos bulge ca. 2500 to 2000 B.C.E.; primarily an intensive hunting and gathering society supplemented by shifting cultivation.3
298859157Longshan culturea formative Chinese culture located at Ordos bulge ca. 2000 to 1500 B.C.E.; based primarily on cultivation of millet.4
298859158YuA possibly mythical Chinese ruler revered for the construction of an effective system of flood control along the Huanghe River valley; founder of Xia kingdom.5
298859159XiaChina's first—possibly mythical—kingdom; no archeological sites have been connected to it; ruled by Yu.6
298859160Shang1st Chinese dynasty; capital in Ordos bulge7
298859161vassal retainersmembers of former ruling families granted control over the peasant and artisan populations of areas throughout Shang kingdom; indirectly exploited wealth of their territories.8
298859162extended familiesConsisted of several generations, including the patriach's sons and grandsons with their wives and children; typical of Shang China elites.9
298859163nuclear householdshusband, wife, and their children, and perhaps a few other relatives; typical of Chinese peasantry.10
298859164oraclesshamans or priests in Chinese society who foretold the future through interpreting animal bones cracked by heat; inscriptions on bones led to Chinese writing.11
298859165ideographic writingPictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts; typical of Chinese writing.12
298859166Zhouoriginally a vassal family of the Shang; possibly Turkic-speaking in origin; overthrew Shang and established 2nd Chinese dynasty (1122-256 B.C.E.)13
298859167Xian and Loyangcapitals of the Zhou dynasty.14
298859168feudalismThe social organization created by exchanging grants of lands or fiefs in return for formal oaths of allegiance and promises of loyal service; typical of Zhou dynasty and European Middle Ages15
298859169Mandate of Heaventhe divine source of political legitimacy in China; established under Zhou to justify overthrow of Shang.16
298859170shiprobably originally priest; transformed into corps of professional bureaucrats because of knowledge of writing during Zhou dynasty.17
298859171Chinese DynastiesShang Zhou Qin Han Sui Tang Song18

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