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298658086 | Justinian | 6th century Byzantine emperor, failed to reconquer the western portions of the empire; rebuilt Constantinople; codified Roman law. | 0 | |
298658087 | Hagia Sophia | great domed church constructed during reign of Justinian | 1 | |
298658088 | Body of Civil Law | Justinian's codification of Roman law; reconciled Roman edicts and decisions; made Roman law coherent basis for political and economic life, | 2 | |
298658089 | Bulgaria | Slavic kingdom in Balkans; constant pressure on Byzantine Empire; defeated by Basil II in 1014. | 3 | |
298658090 | icons | images of religious figured venerated by Byzantine Christians | 4 | |
298658091 | iconoclasm | the breaking of images; religious controversy of the 8th century; Byzantine emperor attempted, but failed, to supress icon veneration. | 5 | |
298658092 | Manzikert | Seljuk Turk victory in 1071 over Byzantium; resulted in loss of the empire's rich Anatolian territory. | 6 | |
298658093 | Cyril and Methodius | Byzantine missionaries sent to convert eastern Europe and Balkans; responsible for creation of Slavic written script called Cyrillic. | 7 | |
298658094 | Kiev | commercial city in Ukraine established by Scandinavians in the 9th century; became the center for a kingdom that flourished until the 12th century. | 8 | |
298658095 | Vladimir I | ruler of Kiev (980 - 1015); converted kingdom to Orthodox Christianity. | 9 | |
298658096 | Russian Orthodoxy | Russian form on Christianity brought from the Byzatine Empire | 10 | |
298658097 | boyars | Russian landholding aristocrats; possessed less politial power that their western European counterparts. | 11 | |
298658098 | Tartars | Mongols who conquered Russian cities during the 13th century; left Russian church and arictocracy intact. | 12 |