Semester 1 exam
Terms : Hide Images
| 296321109 | Indians | Misnomer created by Columbus when referring to indigenous New World peoples; implies social and ethnic commonalities that did not exist among Native Americans; still used to describe Native Americans | 0 | |
| 296321110 | Toltecs | Nomadic peoples from beyond the northern frontier of sedentary agriculture in Mesoamerica; establish capital at Tula following migration into central Mesoamerican plateau; strongly militaristic ethic, including cult of human sacrifice. | 1 | |
| 296321111 | Aztecs | The Mexico; one of the nomadic tribes that penetrated into sedentary zone of the Mesoamerican plateau after the fall of the Toltecs; established empire after 1325 around shores of Lake Texcoco | 2 | |
| 296321112 | Tenochtitlan | Founded CA. 1325 on a marshy island in Lake Texcoco; became center of Aztec power. | 3 | |
| 296321113 | Pipiltin | Nobility in Aztec society; formed by intermarriage of Aztecs with peoples tracing lineage back to the Toltecs | 4 | |
| 296321114 | Tlacaelel | Advisor to Aztec rulers 1427 to 1480; had histories of Mexico rewritten; expanded cult of human sacrifice as effective means of political terror. | 5 | |
| 296321115 | Huitcilopochtli | Aztec tribal patron god; central figure of human sacrifice and warfare; identified with old son God. | 6 | |
| 296321116 | Calpulli | Clans and Aztec society; evolved into residential groupings that distributed land and provided labor and warriors. | 7 | |
| 296321117 | Chinampas | Beds of aquatic weeds, mud, earth placed in frames made of cane and rooted and lakes to create floating islands; system of irrigated agriculture used by Aztecs. | 8 | |
| 296321118 | Pochteca | Merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items. | 9 | |
| 296321119 | In a socialism | An interpretation describing Inca society as a type of utopia; image of the Inca empire as a carefully organized system in which every community collectively contributed to the whole | 10 | |
| 296321120 | Twantinsuyu | Inca word for their empire; region from Columbia to Chile and eastward into Bolivia and Argentina | 11 | |
| 296321121 | Inca | Group of clans centered at Cuzco; created an empire in the Andes during the 15th century; also title of the ruler | 12 | |
| 296321122 | Pachacuti | Inca ruler 1438 to 1471; begin the military campaigns that marketed the creation of an inca empire | 13 | |
| 296321123 | Topac Yupanqui | Inca ruler 1471 to 1493; extended his father's conquest; seized the northern coastal kingdom of two more and pushed into Ecuador | 14 | |
| 296321124 | Huayna Capac | Inca ruler 1493 to 1527; brought the Empire to its greatest extent | 15 | |
| 296321125 | Split inheritance | Inca practice of ruler descent; all titles and political power went to successor, but wealth and land remained in hands of male descendents for support of dead for support of dead Incas mummy | 16 | |
| 296321126 | Temple of the sun | Inca religious center at Cuzco; center of state religion; held mummies of past Incas | 17 | |
| 296321127 | Curacas | Local rulers who the Inca left in office in return for loyalty | 18 | |
| 296321128 | Mitmac | Inca colonists in new regions; could be Quecha speakers used to pacify new conquest or conquered population moved to new homes | 19 | |
| 296321129 | Tambos | Waystations used by Incas as inns and storehouses; supply centers for Inca army; relay points for system of runners used to carry messages | 20 | |
| 296321130 | Mita | Labor extracted for lands assigned to the state into their religion; all communities were expected to contribute; an essential part of Inca control | 21 | |
| 296321131 | Quipu | System of knotted strings utilized by Incas in place of a writing system; could contain numerical and other types of information for censuses and financial records | 22 |
