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| 163962450 | Age of Reason | ... | 0 | |
| 163962451 | Akbar the Great | Babur's grandson, ruled the Mughal Empire from 1556 to 1605. He unified much of India under a religious tolerance policy, allowing Hindus and Muslims to practice openly. He did much to improve the lives | 1 | |
| 163962452 | Michelangelo | Florentine sculptor and painter and architect | 2 | |
| 163962453 | Brunelleschi | Florentine architect who was the first great architect of the Italian Renaissance (1377-1446) | 3 | |
| 163962454 | Leonardo da Vinci | Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect | 4 | |
| 163962455 | Donatello | Florentine sculptor famous for his lifelike sculptures (1386-1466) | 5 | |
| 163962456 | Van Eyke brothers | Flemish (Dutch) brothers- Jan & Hubert. founders of northern renaissance movemant. developed paintings with oils. CRUCIFIXTION & LAST JUDGEMENT | 6 | |
| 163962457 | Albrecht Durer | a leading German painter and engraver of the Renaissance (1471-1528) | 7 | |
| 163962458 | Johannes Gutenburg | He invented the printing press around 1450 A.D. | 8 | |
| 163962459 | Printing Press | 15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information which in turn affected the speed of the spread of information itself | 9 | |
| 163962460 | vernaclar | the native language of any particular place | 10 | |
| 163962461 | Machiavelli | Renaissance writer; formerly a politician, wrote The Prince, a work on ethics and government, describing how rulers maintain power by methods that ignore right or wrong; accepted the philosophy that "the end justifies the means." | 11 | |
| 163962462 | Sir Thomas More | English statesman who opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon and was imprisoned and beheaded | 12 | |
| 163962463 | Erasmus | (1466?-1536) Dutch Humanist and friend of Sir Thomas More. Perhaps the most intellectual man in Europe and widely respected. Believed the problems in the Catholic Church could be fixed; did not suport the idea of a Reformation. Wrote Praise of Folly. | 13 | |
| 163962464 | William Shakespeare | English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616) | 14 | |
| 163962465 | indulgences | Selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church. It was common practice when the church needed to raise money. The practice led to the Reformation. | 15 | |
| 163962466 | Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. | 16 | |
| 163962467 | Pope Leo X | This was the pope that used the sale of indulgences to rebuild a basilica and he was also the pope who challenged Martin Luther | 17 | |
| 163962468 | Lutherans | Martin Luther's followers | 18 | |
| 163962469 | John Calvin | French humanist whose theological writings profoundly influenced religious thoughts of Europeans. Developed Calvinism at Geneva. Wrote Institutes of Christian Religion | 19 | |
| 163962470 | Calvanism | Early Christian belief that God predetermines a person's destination in their life and afterlife (heaven and hell). | 20 | |
| 163962471 | King Henry VIII | King of England from 1509 to 1547 and founder of the Church of England; he broke with the Catholic Church because the pope would not grant him a divorce. | 21 | |
| 163962472 | Church of England | Church created in England as a result of a political dispute between Henry VIII and the Pope, Pope would not let Henry divorce his wife | 22 | |
| 163962473 | Protestant Reformation | a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches | 23 | |
| 163962474 | Catholic Reformation (counter-reformation) | Reformation Catholic Church mounted a series of reforms and reasserted its authority. | 24 | |
| 163962475 | Ignatius Loyola | (1491-1556) Spanish churchman and founder of the Jesuits (1534); this order of Roman Catholic priests proved an effective force for reviving Catholicism during the Catholic Reformation. | 25 | |
| 163962476 | Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. | 26 | |
| 163962477 | Council of Trent | a council of the Roman Catholic Church convened in Trento in three sessions between 1545 and 1563 to examine and condemn the teachings of Martin Luther and other Protestant reformers; redefined the Roman Catholic doctrine and abolished various ecclesiastical abuses and strengthened the papacy | 27 | |
| 163962478 | heretics | those who hold to a belief opposed to the established teachings of a church | 28 | |
| 163962479 | Nicolaus Copernicous | scientific revolution thinker who concluded that the stars, earth, and other planets revolved around the sun | 29 | |
| 163962480 | Galileo | Publicized Copernicus's findings; used the telescope to study moon and planets; added discoveries concerning the laws of gravity; condemned by the Catholic church for his work. | 30 | |
| 163962481 | The Index | list of banned heretical works | 31 | |
| 163962482 | High Middle Ages | the period from 1000 to 1300 in which the church had a key role shaping the new world | 32 | |
| 163962483 | Renaissance | the revival of learning and culture | 33 | |
| 163962484 | Scholasticism | A philosophical and theological system, associated with Thomas Aquinas, devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology in the thirteenth century. (p. 408) | 34 | |
| 163962485 | Thomas Aquinas | (Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology | 35 | |
| 163962486 | Tycho Brahe | (1546-1601) Established himself as Europe's foremost astronomer of his day; detailed observations of new star of 1572. | 36 | |
| 163962487 | Francis Bacon | (1561-1626) English politician, writer. Formalized the empirical method. Novum Organum. Inductive reasoning. | 37 |
