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| 247420292 | Arabian Pennisula | mostly desert Nomadic Bedouin people organized in family and clan groups Important in long-distance trade networks between China/India and Persia/Byzantium | 0 | |
| 247420293 | Muhammad's early life | Muhammad ibn Abdullah born to a Mecca merchant family, 570 C.E. Difficult early life, married a wealthy widow, Khadija, in 595 Became a merchant at age thirty and was exposed to various faiths | 1 | |
| 247420294 | Muhammad's spiritual transformation | at age forty There was only one true god, Allah ("the god") Allah would soon bring judgment on the world The archangel Gabriel delivered these revelations to Muhammad | 2 | |
| 247420295 | The Quran | "recitation")--holy book of Islam Followers compiled Muhammad's revelations Work of poetry and definitive authority on Islam Other works include hadith (sayings and deeds of Muhammad) | 3 | |
| 247420296 | Conflict in Mecca | His teachings offended other believers, especially the ruling elite of Mecca Attacks on greed offended wealthy merchants Attacks on idolatry threatened shrines, especially the black rock at Ka'ba | 4 | |
| 247420297 | The Hijra | Under persecution, Muhammad and followers fled to Medina, 622 C.E. The move, known as hijra, was the starting point of the Islamic calendar | 5 | |
| 247420298 | Umma | cohesive community of Muslims in Medina | 6 | |
| 247420299 | the seal of prophets | Muhammad called himself the "seal of the prophets"--the final prophet of Allah Held Hebrew scripture and New Testament in high esteem Determined to spread Allah's wish to all humankind | 7 | |
| 247420300 | Return to Mecca | He and his followers conquered Mecca, 630 Imposed a government dedicated to Allah Destroyed pagan shrines and built mosques The Ka'ba was not destroyed; it became site of pilgrimage in 632 | 8 | |
| 247420301 | he Five Pillars of Islam, or obligations taught by Muhammad | ... | 9 | |
| 247420302 | islamic holy law | he sharia, inspired by Quran Detailed guidance on proper behavior in almost every aspect of life Through the sharia, Islam became more than a religion, it became a way of life | 10 |
