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| 296380416 | Ottoman Empire | Turkic empire established in Asia minor and eventually extending through the Middle East and Balkans; conquered Constantinople in 1453 and ended Byzantine empire | 0 | |
| 296380417 | Ibn-Rushd (Averroës) | Iberian Muslim philosopher; studied Greek rationalism; ignored among Muslims but influential in Europe | 1 | |
| 296380418 | Ming Dynasty | Replaced Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted large trade expeditions to southern Asia and Africa; later concentrated on internal development within China | 2 | |
| 296380419 | Cheng Ho | Muslim Chinese seaman; commanded expeditions throughout the Indian Ocean | 3 | |
| 296380420 | Black Death | 14th-century bubonic plague epidemic; decimated populations in Asia and Europe | 4 | |
| 296380421 | Renaissance | Cultural and political elite movement beginning in Italy CA.1400; rested on urban vitality and expanding commerce; produced literature and art with distinctly more secular priorities than those of the European Middle Ages | 5 | |
| 296380422 | Portugal, Castile and Argon | Regional Iberian kingdoms; participated in reconquest of peninsula from Muslims; developed a vigorous military and religious agenda | 6 | |
| 296380423 | Francesco Petrarch | Italian author and humanist; a major literary figure of the Renaissance | 7 | |
| 296380424 | Vivaldi Brothers | Genoan explorers who attempted to find a western route to the Indies; precursors of European thrust into southern Atlantic | 8 | |
| 296380425 | Henry the Navigator | Portuguese prince; sponsored Atlantic voyages; reflected the forces present in late postclassical europe | 9 | |
| 296380426 | Ethnocentrism | Judging foreigners by the standards of one's own group; leads to problems in interpreting world history | 10 |
