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AP WORLD HISTORY 1750-1914 Flashcards

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6782074862Sepoy Mutiny1857 Revolt in India by Indian/British soldiers which led to direct rule of India by the British Raj0
6782074864Opium WarsFought between the British and the Chinese 1838-1842, resulted in the opening of the 5 Chinese Ports1
6782074867Haitian RevolutionThis was the first successful Latin American Revolution.2
6782074868French RevolutionA revolution which resulted in the execution of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.3
6782074870Trans Siberian RailroadCompleted in 1916, linked western Russia to the Pacific at Vladivostok4
6782074871MarxismAn economic theory which predicted the end of capitalism and rise of the proletariat-led socialist system5
6782074872"Young Turks"Reform-minded Ottomans who took control of the Ottoman Empire in 1908.6
6782074873Indentured ServitudeA contract labor system in which workers signed up to work for an extended period of time, e.g. 7 years7
6782074874Simon BolivarLeader of the war for independence in northern South America8
6782074876Qing DynastyThe Opium Wars and Boxer Rebellion helped bring down this dynasty in 19119
6782074878Russo Japanese WarThe first victory for a non European nation over a European nation since the industrial revolution10
6782074879American Transcontinental RailroadCompleted in 1869, linked the east and west coasts of the United States11
6782074880BoersDutch settlers in South Africa who were defeated by the British.12
6782074881Congress of Vienna1815 conference which attempted to restore monarchical power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon13
6782074882NapoleonCreated an Empire in Europe during the early 19th century but was finally defeated in 1815.14
6782074883ProletariatThe working class15
6782074884Meiji RestorationThe end of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the beginning of Japanese modernization.16
6782074885Raw Materials and MarketsIndustrialized nations looked for opportunities gain control over distant lands for these17
6782074886MestizosThe class of mixed race, e.g. Spanish and Indian, in Latin America18
6782074887Suez CanalCompleted in 1869 in Egypt, linked the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.19
6782074888Conference of BerlinA late 19th c. meeting between European leaders who agreed to divide Africa so as to avoid war20
6782074889DemocracyA government system in which people have a say in who rules and how they rule21
6782074891Louis XVITried and executed by French revolutionaries in the late 18th century22
6782074892Emancipation of Serfs and Slaves19th century development which allowed labor to be more mobile.23
6782074893Periphery StatesThese states are producers of raw materials and are dependent on foreign markets and investments24
6782074894Muhammad AliThe ruler of Egypt who attempted to modernize this part of the Ottoman Empire in the early 19th century25
6782074895CreolesThe class of people in Latin America who were of European descent but born in the Americas26
6782074896Panama CanalCompleted in 1914, linked the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans27
6782074899GuillotineA new method of execution which represented equality under the law28
6782074900Industrial RevolutionBegan in Britain c. 175029
6782074901American RevolutionInspired by the Enlightenment, this war for independence led to a democratic government.30
6782088332Textile IndustryFirst industry to industrialize with factories31
6782094355City Conditions with industrializationOvercrowded, unsanitary, unruly32
6782107603SamuraiClass of warriors in feudal Japan who pledged loyalty to a noble in return for land.33
6782109211Zaibatsupowerful banking and industrial families in Japan (think robber barons)34
6782120890romanticism19th century artistic movement that appealed to emotion rather than reason35
6782122702Natural selectionA natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment.36
6782127140Monroe DoctrineA statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.37
6782134436Manchu NomadsQing dynasty38
6782136696Treaty of NankingTreaty that concluded the Opium War. It awarded Britain a large indemnity from the Qing Empire, denied the Qing government tariff control over some of its own borders, opened additional ports of residence to Britons, and ceded Hong Kong to Britain.39
6782138474Admiral PerryAmerican naval officer who forced Japan into opening its doors to trade, thus bringing western influence to Japan while showing American might40
6782141621EnlightenmentA movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.41
6782144374Reign of TerrorThis was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed.42
6782146778WaterlooThe site of Napoleon's defeat by British and Prussian armies in 1815, which ended his last bid for power43
6782153278Toussaint L'OvertureLeader of the Haitian Revolution44
6782160318Taiping Rebellion(1850-1864) A revolt by the people of China against the ruling Manchu Dynasty because of their failure to deal effectively with the opium problem and the interference of foreigners.45
6782162325Boxer Rebellion1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops.46
6782165678Sun Yat-senChinese nationalist revolutionary, founder and leader of the Guomindang until his death. He attempted to create a liberal democratic political movement in China but was thwarted by military leaders.47
6782168637BourgeoiseThe middle class48
6782174176NationalismA strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country49
6782175327Social Darwinism19th century of belief that evolutionary ideas theorized by Charles Darwin could be applied to society.50
6782177161British RajThe name for the British government's military rule of India between 1858 and 1947.51
6782179834Seven Years War(1756-1763 CE) Known also as the French and Indian war. It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the English that proved the English to be the more dominant force of what was to be the United States both commercially and in terms of controlled regions.52
6782183698Indian National CongressA movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government. Its membership was middle class, and its demands were modest until World War I. Led after 1920 by Mohandas K. Gandhi, appealing to the poor.53
6782186011Berlin ConfrenceMeeting of European powers to decide how to split up Africa54
6782202636Declaration of the Rights of Man and CitizenStatement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.55
6782204539Elizabeth Cady Stanton(1815-1902) A suffragette who issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869.56
6782212701Indian cotton textilesWell-made, cheap cotton textiles from India flooded Western markets57
6782217121White mans burdenidea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those less civilized58
6782218665Leopold IIBelgian king who ruthlessly exploited the natives on his African land for personal gain.59
6782225865Young OttomansMovement of young intellectuals to institute liberal reforms and build a feeling of national identity in the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century.60
6782228841Tokugawathis man established a shogunate that would dominate Japan for hundreds of years61
6782230771Meiji restorationThe political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism.62
6782235441Canton Systema system to control forign trade which confined all trading to the port of Canton63
6782237381Spheres of InfluenceAn area of one country under the control of another. In China, these areas guaranteed specific trading privileges to each imperialist nation within its respective sphere.64
6782249873Black hole of CalcuttaRuler of Calcutta ordered imprisonment of innocent British civilians, who died due to bad living conditions overnight- this event's significance was greatly exaggerated65

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