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| 10509680912 | Iron Age | Time which iron dominated bronze because of its strength and ability to maintain sharper edges | 0 | |
| 10509681812 | Cosmopolitan | Having widely shared cultures and lifestyles, such as states in the Middle East | 1 | |
| 10509683266 | Kassites | People who moved from Zagreb mountains into southern Mesopotamia, ruled Babylon, yet did not pursue territorial conquest | 2 | |
| 10509690061 | Assyrian Kingdom | Located in Mesopotamia, anchored a busy trade route, and expanded its power by conquering kingdoms | 3 | |
| 10509691899 | Hittites | Most powerful state in Mesopotamia, Adoped the horse drawn chariot, and developed methods for making iron | 4 | |
| 10509692983 | Akkadian | Language which government diplomats would communicate with | 5 | |
| 10509693526 | Hyksos | Ruled Egypt between middle and new kingdom and had advanced military technology | 6 | |
| 10509695381 | The New Kingdom | Aggressively expanded the state, gaining access to important materials and participating in the diplomatic and commercial networks in Asia | 7 | |
| 10509696826 | Hatshepsut | Commanded the New kingdom after husband died | 8 | |
| 10509697251 | Akhenaten | Untraditional ruler in Egypt, closing temples and challenging the supremacy of Amon. | 9 | |
| 10509699167 | Rameses II | ruler after Akhenaten, living into his 90 and correcting Akhenaten's mistakes | 10 | |
| 10509704010 | Minoan | Civilization of Crete, first European civilization to have complex social structures and technologies, and has undelivered writing | 11 | |
| 10509705726 | Crete | Island of Minoan civilization, off Greece in Mediterranean Sea | 12 | |
| 10509708152 | Cnossus | Only palace not destroyed by the Greeks | 13 | |
| 10509708750 | Mycenae | Created first greek culture, and stayed farmers and Shepards long past other civilization's switch. Changed from Minoan influences | 14 | |
| 10509709798 | Shaft Graves | Graves in Greece containing bodies and rare minerals | 15 | |
| 10509711552 | Linear B | Script which uses pectoral signs to represent symbols, an early form of greek | 16 | |
| 10509712991 | Philistines | Invaded and occupied the coast of Palestine, lead to the collapse of egypt | 17 | |
| 10509714384 | Dark Age | Occurred after the collapse of the Mycenean civilization, caused the Middle East to fall into century long period of poverty, isolation, and loss of knowledge | 18 | |
| 10509715404 | Neo-Assyrian empire | Conquered by Assyrians in northern Mesopotamia, using force and terror, and was most powerful civilization after the dark age | 19 | |
| 10509717764 | Mass Deportation | Forced moving of communities to prevent rebellion used by the Assyrians | 20 | |
| 10509718305 | Library of Ashurbanipal | Contained official documents, literature, and scientific text in Assyria | 21 | |
| 10509720219 | Israel | Small land linking Anatolia, Egypt, Arabia, and Mesopotamia, although lacking natural resources | 22 | |
| 10509723102 | Hebrew Bible | Compilation of several collections of materials from different group, described Abraham and his descendants | 23 | |
| 10509723977 | Abraham | Religious figure in the Hebrew Bible who left Ur and migrated to Israel with the help of god Yahweh | 24 | |
| 10509725107 | Exodus | Story of how Israelites were led out of captivity by Moses | 25 | |
| 10509725448 | Chosen People | Israelites who promised their god to worship him exclusively, and proposed the 10 commandments | 26 | |
| 10509726496 | David | Shepard who oversaw Israel's change from tribal confederacy to unified monarchy, and brought the ark to Jerusalem | 27 | |
| 10509727709 | First Temple | Central shrine to strengthen link between religion and authority | 28 | |
| 10509728674 | Monotheism | Belief in only one god, founded by Israelites | 29 | |
| 10509729330 | Diaspora | The dispersion of jews from their homeland, caused by Israelites leaving Babylon | 30 | |
| 10509730264 | Phoenicians | People living on the coast of Lebanon and Syria | 31 | |
| 10509735356 | Byblos | Most important city state in Babylon, was a distribution center for cedar and papyrus | 32 | |
| 10509736885 | Tyre | King who took control of Sidon and dominated Mediterranean coastal trade | 33 | |
| 10509737713 | Phoenician Triangle | String of settlements in west Mediterranean, controlling the passage between the Mediterranean and Atlantic | 34 | |
| 10509739169 | Carthage | Phoenician colony at war with other Phoenician communities | 35 | |
| 10509740194 | Neo-Babylon Kingdom | Dominated Assyria and had a cultural renaissance | 36 |
