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AP World History 4B Flashcards

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2121814039Divine Right of KingsA political doctrine influential in the 16th and 17th centuries which held that the monarch derived his authority from God and was therefore not accountable to earthly authority.0
2121823924EmpiricismThe theory that all knowledge originates in experience; relying on direct observation and experience for determining reality.1
2121836515Social ContractAn unwritten agreement among early people in a "state of nature" to establish a form of government; defined the rights and obligations of the individuals and government2
2121840138Enlightened DespotismRule by a government that is not democratic, but is still efficient and humane; ruler usually a king or emperor3
2121847661Congress of ViennaDiplomats from leading European nations, brought together to resolve issues raised by the Napoleonic Wars and their aftermath; redrew national borders, established balance of power, ect...4
2121854809VoodooA religion of the Caribbean region which is blended religious practices brought from Africa with those of Catholicism brought from Europe.5
2121868386Industrial RevolutionNew technology development in Britain; world advancements in social organization and political/military power6
2121877792AgronomyThe systematic concern with field crop production and soil management (1814)7
2121888236CartelAn association of independent businessmen whose aim is to control the supply of a particular commodity(s) in order to regulate prices8
2121896812Finance CapitalThe capital necessary to finance the creation of a new industry9
2121900332Iron law of wagesThe belief that as income increased people would have more children10
2121920814Corn LawsLaws that restricted he import of food into England; favored agricultural producers11
2121927979SocialistBelieved too much wealth was going to the rich landowners and industry leaders, and not enough to the workers who produced that wealth12
2121941307ProletariatA collective noun designating the working class that produces the wealth13
2122074294Bourgeoisie (Marxist)A collective noun designating the class that owns and directs the means of population14
2122081700Garden CityA self-contained planned town combining work, residential, agricultural, and recreational facilities, and surrounded by a rural belt15
1724602421RevolutionA radical change in the structure of government16
1724602422Seven Years WarWhen Britain defeated the French, known in the US as the French and Indian War17
1724602423Treaty of Paris 1783Officially brought American Independence and the creation of the US18
1724602424Bourgeoisie (FRENCH)French middle classes19
1724602425PhilosophesFrench word for philosopher, champions of free thought20
1724602427SalonsGathering places for enlightened intellectuals21
1724602428Estates GeneralThe unjust government of France before the revolution22
1724602429Declaration of the Rights of Man and the CitizenThe central document of the French Revolution, and a model for many later political movements23
1724602430Reign of TerrorTens of thousands of suspected counter-revolutionaries were denounced to the authorities and most received long prison sentances or execution24
1724602431GuillotineFrench method of execution25
1724602432Thermidorian ReactionCooling down period of Revolution26
1724602433NapoleonRose to power by Coup de Etat, has reputation of being true military genius27
1724602434Simon Bolivar and Jose de San MartinLatin American revolutionaries that gained independence from Spain28
1724602435Subsistence activityFamilies raise what they need with perhaps a bit of surplus for the local market29
1724602436Commercial activityCrops raised more specifically for sale at regional, national, even international markets30
1724602437First Industrial RevolutionProfound changes in trade, industry, and commerce (Britain)31
1724602441Second Industrial RevolutionProfound changes in trade, industry, and commerce (Germany)32
1724602442World SystemsPatterns of world trade33

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