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AP World history 6B Flashcards

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4201135602Scorched EarthA strategy of defensive warfare, in which everything that might be of use to an invading army is destroyed by the defending army as it retreats.0
4201147573Partisansthey are guerrilla warriors fighting in the resistance against occupying armies.1
4202094229Genocidethe act of murdering an entire race.2
4202094230SuperpowerThe term ascribed to both the U.S. and the USSR in recognition of their power, especially their military power, far greater than that of any other country in the world at the time3
4202096381Asymmetrical WarfareWarfare between groups armed and equipped very differently, and often using different strategies, usually between lightly armed guerrilla warriors and conventionally equipped armies of powerful states.4
4202096382Paper TigerThe mocking comment of the Chinese toward the Americans, who had vast arrays of conventional and nuclear weaponry, but could not cope with simply armed warriors, often guerrilla warriors, fighting for their homelands in Korea, etc.5
4202098213Pax AmericanaLiterally, "American peace," a Latin phrase derived by analogy from Pax Romana to designate the relative tranquility established within the American sphere of influence immediately after WWII6
4202098214Marshall PlanAn American program of economic assistance for rebuilding non-communist Europe after WWII, proposed by U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall7
4202099563Sphere of InfluenceThe geopolitical region in which one external power is considered dominant and other powers keep hands off8
4202099564Iron CurtainTerm introduced by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe by the Soviet Union spreading its areas of control in Central and Eastern Europe from Western Europe.9
4202100973ContainmentThe postwar policy of the United States, advocated by diplomat George Kennan, to encircle and contain the Soviet Union within limits, through militant confrontation that would stop short of war.10
4202100974Client StateA state that is economically, politically or military dependent on another state11
4202100975McCarthyismA strategy of attacking political opponents by labeling them unpatriotic or even treasonous, named for U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy, who employed it in his campaign against alleged communists.12
4202103017GulagThe acronym of Glavnoye, Upravleniye Ispravitelno Trudovykh Lagerey, the "Chief Administration of Corrective Labor Camps," a department of the Soviet secret police founded in 1934 under Stalin13
4202105593Neo ColonialismThe assertion of power by one country over another, usually through economic dominance. but without formal political authority14
4202105594Prague SpringThe period in the spring of 1968 when it appeared that Prague, and all of Czechoslovakia, would achieve greater freedom of expression and greater independence of control by the USSR15
4202107801Brezhnev Doctrinein 1968 Leonid Brezhnev, head of the USSR gov., declared that the USSR would intervene militarily to prevent any of its satellite countries from claiming independence16
4202107802Domino EffectThe belief, held by many American policymakers, that if one country in a region became communist, others would follow, one after the other.17
4202110427BlitzkriegTranslates as "Lightening War" German military tactic that brought great success18
4202111857Battle of BritainAir war between Britain and Germany with Brits winning out19
4202111858D-DayOften used in the military as the day on which an important operation is to begin; more generally, signifies any date targeted for special action.20
4202113036SttalingradSoviets won decisive battle of the Eastern Front and drove to Berlin21
4202115105Yalta ConferenceWith the war in Europe near end concessions were made to Stalin for assistance against Japanese in the Pacific, important members22
4202116150Potsdam ConferenceHeld to decide the end of WWII, Germany divided into occupation zones, with Truman and Stalin in confrontation leading to the Cold War23
4202116151HolocaustThe extermination of over 6 million Jews and other undesirables by the WWII Nazi's24
4202119200Hiroshima/NagasakiCities of war production chosen as targets for the atomic bomb25
4202121111United NationsWorld peacekeeping body created following WWII26
4202121112NATO(north Atlantic Treaty Organization) free world alliance against the Soviet Union27
4202122996Warsaw PactEastern bloc alliance of countries following the lead of the Soviet Union28
4202124342Massive RetaliationFull scale nuclear attack as a clear option for both superpowers29
4202124343BrinkmanshipNever backing down from a crisis even if pushed to the edge of a nuclear war30
4202126444SputnikFirst satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union creating world fear31
4202126445CIACentral Intelligence Agency (U.S.)32
4202126446KGBThe Committee for State Security (U.S.S.R.)33
4202129410Cuban Missile CrisisNear nuclear global holocaust over Soviet attempts to put missiles into Cuba34
4202130822Vietnam War35

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