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| 5746982546 | fur trade | caused Russia to expand eastward and explore | 0 | |
| 5746990755 | Ivan III | ruled 1462-1505, often has "the Great" attached to his name. Tripled the size of Russia and became one of its longest reigning rulers | 1 | |
| 5746996716 | boyars | noble land-owning class in Russia | 2 | |
| 5746998381 | Ivan IV | ruler known as "The Terrible" for his violent conquests and for killing his own son | 3 | |
| 5747001938 | Cossacks | fierce peasant warriors | 4 | |
| 5747004822 | Time of Troubles | period in which Russia was in a state of anarchy without a strong government in control | 5 | |
| 5747006991 | Peter I | ruled 1682 to 1725. Made reforms to the Orthodox church, visited Western Europe to get their ideas and implemented other Western reforms | 6 | |
| 5747012238 | St. Petersburg | Peter I moved the Russian capital here | 7 | |
| 5747013215 | Kremlin | name for the central citadel in Moscow | 8 | |
| 5747014411 | Catherine II | ruled 1762 to 1796. Joined the royal ruling family through marriage. Oversaw a huge expansion of the Russian empire in part through the Russo-Turkish Wars. Also known as "The Great." | 9 | |
| 5747021009 | Pale of Settlement | territory created by Catherine II in which Russian Jews were required to live | 10 | |
| 5747024720 | Yemelyan Pugachev | Cossack who initiated a peasant rebellion and was later executed for it | 11 |
