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AP World History AMSCO Chapter 8 Flashcards

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11545437890Abbasidrelating to a dynasty of caliphs who ruled in Baghdad from 750 to 12580
11545437891Baghdada city in and the capital of The Abbasid Caliphate, in the central part, on the Tigris1
11545437892Muhammadthe arab founder of islam; held by muslims to be the chief prophet of god; was born in mecca2
11545437893Bedouinnomadic Arab of the deserts of Southwest Asia3
11545437894polygynywhen a man has more than one wife4
11545437895Allahthe Supreme Being; God in Islam5
11545437896Meccathe birthplace of Muhammad; Muslims face in the direction of this city when they pray, and expected to go on a pilgrimage to this city once in their lifetime6
11545437897Quran (Koran)the Islamic sacred book; believed to be the word of god as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic7
11545437898MedinaCity in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca.8
11545437899hegirathe journey that Muhammad and his followers took when they left from Mecca to Medina in AD 6229
11545437900ka'abasmall stone building in the court of the Great Mosque at Mecca that contains a sacred black stone and is the goal of islamic pilgrimage and the point toward which muslims turn in praying10
11545437901Five Pillars of Islamcore set of obligations that the Muslims follow 1. believing in one god 2. praying 5 times daily 3. giving alms to the poor 4. fasting during the month of Ramadan 5. make a pilgrimage to mecca once in a lifetime11
11545437902jihada struggle of fight against the enemies of islam12
11545437903Ramadanthe ninth month of the Muslim year, during which strict fasting is observed from sunrise to sunset13
11545437904shariahIslamic code of law that includes rules for all aspects of life14
11545437905caliphthe chief Muslim civil and religious leader, regarded as the successor of Muhammad15
11545437906AliMuhammad's cousin, son-in-law, and fourth caliph16
11545437907Sunnisone of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, and differing from the other branch of Islam based on its acceptance of the first three caliphs17
11545437908Shiaone of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Muhammad's first true successor18
11545437909Umayyad Dynastya member of the dynasty that ruled at Damascus 661-750, claiming descent from Omayyad, cousin of the grandfather of Muhammad the prophet19
11545437910Damascuscapital and likely the largest city in Syria20
11545437911imamthe person who leads prayers in a mosque21
11545437914hijaba head covering worn in public by some Muslim women22
11545812495MamluksUnder the Islamic system of military slavery, Turkic military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate of the ninth and tenth centuries. They eventually founded their own state, ruling Egypt and Syria (1250-1517)23
11545817087Seljik TurksA nomadic people from Central Asia. They converted to Islam and then fought with the Abbasid Empire which they eventually overthrew. Their leader, or sultan, was the head military leader of the Islamic state.24

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