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AP World History AMSCO Multiple Choice Answers Flashcards

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11987191360How did culture change between 1,000,000 years ago and 10,000 years ago?People adapted to new environments and developed new tools.0
11987191361The best explanation for the change in world population between 10,000 years ago and 7,000 years ago is the development ofBetter means of food production1
11987191362Most historians agree with which theory explaining early human migration?Humanity began in east Africa and spread to the rest of the world2
11987191363Which of the following would be the most important factor determining a "favorable location" in the evolution of a village into a city?A predictable supply of drinking water3
11987191364A major difference between a village and a city in Neolithic times wasCities possessed greater specialization of labor4
11987191365Which feature was most important in the complex societies of the Neolithic times?Specialization of labor5
11987191366This pestle for mashing taro found in Papua, New Guinea, and believed to be 8,000 years old indicates that the people in the region hadRelied on crops that they grew6
11987191367The creation of this pestle indicates that the people who made it had which form of technology?Farming implements7
11987191368[laws of ur-nammu, mesopotamia, excerpt 1; code of hammurabi, mesopotamia, excerpt 2] [mostly about what if people do things wrong within the community i.e. kill, steal, etc] The two excerpts above best support which conclusion?Rulers wanted to create order in growing cities8
11987191369[laws of ur-nammu, mesopotamia, excerpt 1; code of hammurabi, mesopotamia, excerpt 2] [mostly about what if people do things wrong within the community i.e. kill, steal, etc] Which explains why the second excerpt is more harsh than the first?The growth and complexity of civilization9
11987191370[laws of ur-nammu, mesopotamia, excerpt 1; code of hammurabi, mesopotamia, excerpt 2] [mostly about what if people do things wrong within the community i.e. kill, steal, etc] Which statement can best be concluded from the two excerpts above?Mesopotamian society was socially stratified10
11987191371A historian examining the statues from the olmec and the easter island civilizations above would have the most evidence to support which of the following conclusions?Both civilizations chose to honor key people, ancestors, and gods11
11987191372Which conclusion about the period 8000 bce to 600 bce is most directly supported by the images above?Elaborate artistic expressions suggests a surplus of agricultural labor12
11987191373Which statement identifies the clearest difference between the two civilizations represented in the images above?The language, beliefs, art, and athletics of the olmec influence later civilizations in mesoamerica, while the people of easter island had limited influence on other civilizations due to their isolation.13
11987191374"The earliest written documents are sumerian wage lists, and tax receipts, in which the symbol for beer, a clay vessel with diagonal linear marking drawn inside it, is one of the most common words, along with the symbols for grain, textiles, and livestock. That is because writing was originally invented to record the collection and distribution of grain, beer, bread, and other goods. It arose as a natural extension of the neolithic custom of using tokens to account for contributions to a communal storehouse. Indeed, sumerian society was a logical continuation of neolithic social structures but on a far larger scale, the culmination of thousands of years of increasing economic and cultural complexity. Just as the chieftain of a neolithic village collected surplus food, the priests of the sumerian cities collected surplus barley, wheat, sheep, and textiles. Officially, these goods were offerings to the gods, but in practice they were compulsory taxes that were consumed by the temple bureaucracy or traded for other goods and services. The priests could, for example, pay for the maintenance of irrigation systems and the construction of public buildings by handing out rations of bread and beer." Which conclusion is best supported by the passage above?Religious authorities wielded great control over the sumerian economy.14
11987191375"The earliest written documents are sumerian wage lists, and tax receipts, in which the symbol for beer, a clay vessel with diagonal linear marking drawn inside it, is one of the most common words, along with the symbols for grain, textiles, and livestock. That is because writing was originally invented to record the collection and distribution of grain, beer, bread, and other goods. It arose as a natural extension of the neolithic custom of using tokens to account for contributions to a communal storehouse. Indeed, sumerian society was a logical continuation of neolithic social structures but on a far larger scale, the culmination of thousands of years of increasing economic and cultural complexity. Just as the chieftain of a neolithic village collected surplus food, the priests of the sumerian cities collected surplus barley, wheat, sheep, and textiles. Officially, these goods were offerings to the gods, but in practice they were compulsory taxes that were consumed by the temple bureaucracy or traded for other goods and services. The priests could, for example, pay for the maintenance of irrigation systems and the construction of public buildings by handing out rations of bread and beer." Compared to the development of the sumerian civilization as described in the passage above, the chavin civilizationHad a much weaker political system15
11987191376"The manner of life in such a state is that of democrats; there is freedom and plainness of speech, and every man does what is right in his own eyes, and has his own way of life. Hence arises the most various developments of character; the state is like a piece of embroidery of which the colors and figures are the manners of men, and there are many who, like women and children, prefer this variety to real beauty and excellence. The State is not one but may, like a bazaar at which you can by anything. The great charm is, that you may do as you like; you may goern as you like, let alone if you like, go to war and make peace if you feel disposed, and all quite irrespective of anybody else. When you condemn men to death they remain alive all the same; a gentleman is desired to go into exile, and he stalks about the streets like a hero; and nobody sees him or cares for him. Observe, too how grandly democracy sets her foot upon all our fine theories of education, how little she cares for the training of her statesmen! The only qualification which she demands is the progression of patriotism. Such is democracy;-- a pleasing, lawless, various sort of government, distributing equality to equals and unequals alike. Socrates is most critical of the Athenian government because he thinks itSuffers from too much individualism16
11987191377Which type of government would Socrates would have most likely supported?A monarchy ruled by an educated and rational "philosopher king"17
11987191378Why was the system described by Socrates not a true democracy?The system was patriarchal, allowing only free males to participate in the democracy18
11987191379"Then Cyrus appointed various overseers: he had receivers of revenue, controllers of finance, ministers of works, guardians of property, superintendents of the household... but when it came to those who were to be his fellow-guardians for the commonwealth, he would not leave the care and the training of these to others; he regarded that as this own personal task. He know, if he were ever to fight a battle, he would have to choose his comrades and supporters, the men on his right hand and left, from these and these alone; it was from them he must appoint his officers for horse and foot. If he had to send out a general alone it would be from them that one must be sent: he must depend on them for straps and governors over cities and nations; he would require then for ambassadors, and an embassy was, he knew, the best means for obtaining what he wanted without war." The passage above provides evidence that the Persian Empire under Cyrus, and later, DariusHad a highly centralized and elaborate bureaucracy19
11987191380"Then Cyrus appointed various overseers: he had receivers of revenue, controllers of finance, ministers of works, guardians of property, superintendents of the household... but when it came to those who were to be his fellow-guardians for the commonwealth, he would not leave the care and the training of these to others; he regarded that as this own personal task. He know, if he were ever to fight a battle, he would have to choose his comrades and supporters, the men on his right hand and left, from these and these alone; it was from them he must appoint his officers for horse and foot. If he had to send out a general alone it would be from them that one must be sent: he must depend on them for straps and governors over cities and nations; he would require then for ambassadors, and an embassy was, he knew, the best means for obtaining what he wanted without war." The officials mentioned in the passage most likely were able to keep in close contact with the Persian Emperor with the help ofThe postal service along the Royal Road20
11987191381The "controllers of finance" would most likely be associated withEstablishing a common currency within the Empire21
11987191382The Greek-style clothing shown in these sculptures best supports which of the following interpretations?Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic culture to South and Central Asia.22
11987191383The sculptures are examples of syncretism because they showElements of different cultures coming together23
11987191384In which of these civilizations was local autonomy most prized?Greece24
11987191385Which similarity between Greece and Rome is shown in this chart?Both gave citizens a role in choosing the government25
11987191386Which describes the relationship between religion and government most clearly?China separated them more than did the other civilizations listed26
11987191387Which of these routes most clearly show an interregional movement?Showing the movement of silk from China27
11987191388Which statement is true about Roman trade?Rome's location near the mediterranean sea made trade with many regions easier28
11987191389Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between Rome's imports and exports?Rome imported both raw goods and finished goods29
11987191390"Of all the religions that established themselves in the Roman Empire... none succeeded in such a large scale or over such a large scale as Christianity. During the first three centuries, Christianity developed under a serious political handicap. The earliest Christians were associated with parties of rebellious Jews who resisted Roman administration in Palestine. Later Christians, even gentiles, refused to honor the Roman emperor and state in the fashion deemed appropriate by imperial authorities. As a result, Christians endured not only social contempt and scorn but also organized campaigns of persecution. Meanwhile, the Roman state generously patronized many of the empires pagan cults; in exchange for public honor and recognition, the emperors and other important political figures provided financial sponsorship for rituals, festivals, and other pagan activities." Which statement best reflects the attitude of the Roman government toward religion?It was tolerant of religions that supported their government.30
11987191391One "serious handicap" under which Christianity developed, described in the passage, wasThe Roman demand that Jews worship their emperor as a god31
11987191392"I am not satisfied simply with hard work or carrying out the affairs of state, for I consider my work to be the welfare of the whole world....There is no better deed than to work for the welfare of the whole world, and all my efforts are made that I may clear my debt to all beings. I make them happy here and now that they may attain heaven in the life to come. ...But it is difficult without great effort." Edicts of King Ashoka 268 B.C.E.-232 B.C.E How did Ashoka fulfill the goal he stated in the passage above?He sent out envoys to make peace with his neighbors in order to make amends for the wars he had waged against them.32
11987191393Many Indian elites disagreed with Ashoka primarily because they believed that his policies couldlead to a rejection of the caste system in Indian Society33
11987191394What evidence might a historian use to suggest a relationship between Buddhism and the Greek city-states?similarities between the ethical beliefs taught in Buddhism and by Aristotle34
11987191395Which describes the duty of "common people' in Confucianism?to farm, to take care of their parents, and to respect the emperor35
11987191396Which was the duty of the emperor according to Confucian philosophy?to act virtuously in order to act as an example for his subjects36
11987191397Confucianism helped to bring about social and political order in China byemphasizing filial piety, a concept that shaped social relationships and encouraged obedience to the state37
11987191398Which category of information suggests that both cities had strong central governments?City Plan38
11987191399Archeologists comparing excavations in the two cities have concluded thatsocial inequality existed in both communities39
11987191400One similarity between the two cities is that bothwere founded where water was easily available40
11987191401Which of the following structures did the Mayans use to create a calendar more accurate than the ones used in Europe at the same time?the Caracol in Chichen Itza41
11987191402The information in the passage about how the Mayans recorded numbers is significant becauseit shows how the Mayans combined numbers with hieroglyphics42
11987191403Which statement does this passage support about the spread of information among cultures in the Americas?The Olmecs were a foundational civilization.43
11987191404One similarity between the Mayans and the Greeks was that they bothlinked science and religion closely together44
11987191405Which statement accurately compares the beliefs of the classical Greeks and the Mayans?The Greeks believed that gods often behaved like humans, but the Mayans believed that gods acted quite differently from humans.45
11987191406The shape of the dome of Hagia Sophia best reflects which of the following historical processes in world history?technological and cultural diffusion46
11987191407The most important reason Emperor Justinian might have commissioned be building of the Hagia Sophia was tosolidify his power and show his commitment to Christianity47
11987191408Which statement best describes a trend symbolized by the building of the Hagia Sophia pictured above?Roman architectural styles had spread throughout the region.48
11987191409Which statement is best supported by the information in the table above?to soldiers usually accounted for more than half of the empire's budget.49
11987191410Which statement is most consistent with the evidence in the table'?The Byzantine government spent heavily on military actions.50
11987191411"The Emperor Justinian was born in our time, and succeeding to the throne when the state was decayed, added greatly to its extent and glory by driving out from it the barbarians, who for so long a time had forced their way into it. . . . As for religion, which he found uncertain and torn by various heresies, he destroyed everything that could lead to error, and securely established the true faith upon one solid foundation. Moreover, finding the laws obscure through their unnecessary multitude, and confused by their conflict with one another, he firmly established them by reducing the number of those which were unnecessary, and in the case of those that were contradictory, by confirming better Ones.' Procopius, On the Buildings, a document written in the mid-sixth century C.E. for publication Which answer best describes the context in which to better understand the author's tone in the first passage?an official writer for the Byzantine Empire who is trying to advance his standing within the imperial realm51
11987191412The codification of law (Corpus Iuris Civilis) credited to Justinian and referred to above in the first passage was most influenced by theLaw of the Twelve Tables52
11987191413Which source would be most useful to a historian trying to interpret which passage written by Procopius is the most accurate representation of Emperor Justinian?Dialogue between Justinian and his generals about conquered territory and peoples53
11987191414[paragraph about how people have to pay Jizya tax...] This passage about religion in the seventh century provides evidence oftoleration of other religions by Muslims in conquered territory54
11987191415Which statement best describes the reason behind this leader's action?He considered Christians and Jews to be "People of the Book."55
11987191416Why would capturing Jerusalem be a key accomplishment for this leader?The city had important religious significance to Islam as well as Christianity and Judaism.56
11987191417"The cities of Arabian Spain became the resort of Christian artisans, to instruct themselves in the useful arts. The Universities of Toledo, Cordoba, Seville, and Granada, were sought by the pale student from other lands, to acquaint himself with the sciences of the Arabs, and the treasure lore of antiquity; the lovers of the gay sciences resorted to Cordova and Granada, to imbibe the poetry and music of the East, and the steel-clad warriors of the North hastened thither to accomplish themselves in the graceful exercises and courteous usages of chivalry." Washington Irving, The Alhambra, 1865 Which aspect of al-Andalus does this passage most clearly describe?the transfer of Arab learning to Europeans57
11987191418The primary reason the Muslim population in Spain grew between the time of Muhammad and the time the Alhambra was built (c. 900) was thatArab and Moorish armies had conquered Spain militarily58
11987191419Which statement provides the best reason for Europeans to travel to Spain, to learn at universities established by Arabs?Europeans wanted to learn about classical Greek science and culture and new Arab discoveries in astronomy, mathematics, and medicine.59
11987191420The similarity in the mosques located in different areas of the Islamic world mainly results fromspiritual and cultural unification of diverse people and cultures under Islam, or Dar al-Islam60
11987191421Large and ornate mosques were built in areas conquered by the Islamic caliphs as a way tsymbolize the spiritual power and majesty of Islam61
11987191422Great Zimbabwe represents an achievement because it was builtwithout mortar62
11987191423What trend among cities around the world of that era is reflected in this image?Cities relied on walls for protection against attackers.63
11987191424One factor that contributed to the declines of both Great Zimbabwe and of the Mayans wasenvironmental damage64
11987191425This map shows that the migration of Bantu speakers extended from the "Bantu Cradle" tothe southern tip of Africa65
11987191426One important reason that Bantu speakers were successful in spreading their culture was that theyused iron technology, which gave them advantages over other cultures66
11987191427How were the religious practices of Bantu speakers similar to those of a later faith that would spread in Africa?They spread a form of monotheism, as did Muslims.67
11987191428Which was the most important impact of the improvements in saddles in assisting the spread of Islam to Sub-Saharan Africa?They contributed to increased Trans-Saharan trade.68
11987191429The information on camel saddles is an example of howpeople adapted technology based on their needs69
11987191430"One alderman shall be appointed for each ward in the capital, and one chief alderman for four wards. The latter shall be responsible for maintaining the household registers and investigating criminal matters. The chief alderman shall be chosen from those men belonging to the wards, of unblemished character, strong and upright, who can discharge the duties of the time effectively. In principle, aldermen of rural villages or of city wards, shall be selected from ordinary subjects belonging to the villages of city wards, who are sincere, incorrupt, and of strong disposition. . . . The prefects for these districts shall be chosen from local nobles (kuni no miyatsuko), of unblemished character, strong and upright, who can discharge the duties of the time effectively. . . . Men of ability and intelligence, who are skilled in writing and arithmetic shall be appointed to assist them in the tasks of governance and book-keeping." The Reform Edict of Taika, 646 The main purpose of this document is to establish or reestablisha more centralized government, run by bureaucrats and scholars70
11987191431What statement supports the conclusion that ministers who had traveled to China persuaded Japanese Emperor Shotoku to enact these reforms?The document emphasizes Confucian values, such as education, virtue, and ethical behavior.71
11987191432How did the Taika Reforms affect the political structure of Japan?Japan did not sustain the political reforms enacted by the Taika Reforms and soon developed a feudal political structure.72
11987191433Which of the statements concerning trading cities in China, such as Hangzhou, is most accurate'?The invention of "flying cash" made trade easier by enabling Chinese merchants to use paper money instead of cumbersome copper coins.73
11987191434What development, which began prior to Marco Polo's travels to China, allowed Europeans to obtain the products of China and other parts of Asia?The Islamic caliphates and Chinese dynasties, such as the Tang and the Song, grew stronger, so long-distance trade could be conducted with less risk74
11987191435What products would Indians and other non-Chinese merchants be most likely to purchase in a market such as the one described in the passage?silk, porcelain, and tea75
11987191436One result of the custom of foot-binding during the Song Dynasty was thatthe patriarchal system grew stronger, particularly among aristocrats76
11987191437During the Post-Classical period, gender relations in China and the societies of Sub-Saharan Africa weredifferent because some societies in Sub-Saharan Africa were matrilineal, and women there were not as restricted as women in China77
11987191438Al-Beruni perceives a significant difference between Hindus and Muslims intheir feelings of equality with other people78
11987191439Which historical development most directly supports al Beruni's interpretation of earlier Indian culture?the development of the caste system79
11987191440The most likely intended audience of this excerpt consisted ofMuslims who lived in South Asia80
11987191441The map above helps explain why South Asian merchants preferred to travelto Africa in the winter months81
11987191442Since merchants often were delayed in foreign ports for lengthy periods of time, they frequentlymarried and converted their wives to their religion82
11987191443The coastal cities of Mombasa, Sofala, and Mogadishu would typically exportslaves, ivory, and gold83
11987191444The Taj Mahal, depicted above, combines the architecture of which two religions?Hinduism and Islam84
11987191445The combination of domes and towers in this building is most clearly an example ofsyncretism in architecture85
11987191446[image of Charlemagne being crowned in Rome in 800] Which of the following changes to Western Europe during the period 400-1450 occurred under the reign of Charlemagne?A new model of civilization emerged in Western Europe for the first time since the fall of Rome.86
11987191447Which event occurred in the previous century and led most directly to the event shown above?defeat of Muslim forces at Tours87
11987191448Which conclusion about Europe and China does the painting support?Both leaders of Western Europe and Tang China legitimize their rule through religious or ethical beliefs.88
11987191449Which trend followed the temperature pattern shown in the graph?the rate of growth in the urban population89
11987191450Which trend followed the temperature pattern shown in the graph? [second one]The Little Ice Age caused shortages of food and reduced the amount of agricultural surplus available for trade.90
11987191451This passage best supports the conclusion that Abelardbelieved that debating Church writings was beneficial91
11987191452Abelard's views would most directly support which development in Europe?the opening of the way for secularism and Christian humanism in the renaissance92
11987191453Which individual would likely agree most with the ideas in the passage?Thomas Aquinas93
11987191454Which statement about China and trade is best supported by this passagetrade between Europe and Cathay was greatly enhanced by the security established by the Mongol Khanates.94
11987191455Which development was the turning point that led to the expansion of trade between Asia and Europe?The conquests by Genghis Khan began the Pax Mongolica, which led to improved trade routes and reduced trading costs.95
11987191456Which statement best states the Russian duke's view of the Mongols?The Mongols were interested only in plunder and treasure but not in controlling Russian territory.96
11987191457The most valid counterargument to the description of the Mongols by the Russian duke was that the Mongolsestablished political institutions in the territories they conquered97
11987191458How would the Mongols use the Russian duke's description to their advantage if they chose to invade Hungary?to frighten the Hungarians into surrendering98
11987191459Which conclusion about life in Cahokia is best supported by the painting?The mound complex was the political and religious center of society99
11987191460Which structure would have most closely served the same purpose as the large structure rising far above ground in the middle of the painting?Tikal in Guatemala100
11987191461Which best describes a key difference between Mississippian culture and the Aztec culture?the Mississippian culture built enormous animal-shaped earthen mounds101
11987191462Why were the Inca able to achieve the accomplishment described in the passage?They divided their empire into four provinces, so it would be easier to govern102
11987191463The Carpa Nan demonstrates the main point expressed by the writer in the excerpt becauseit connected the parts of the empire103
11987191464When the author of the passage describes the Incan civilization as the "greatest empire on earth," he means that theyadapted successfully to diverse environments104
11987191465How did the conditions shown on this map influence human settlements?They allowed migration from Asia to the Americas105
11987191466About what year does this map show?8000 BC106
11987191467Which statement best supports a similarity between cultures that resulted from the migrations shown on the map above?The sanskrit language of the aryans shares many similarities with latin107
11987191468Which was an effect of the migrations shown on the mapThe use and spread of horses throughout eurasia108
11987191469Which statement is best supported by the evidence in the chart?Persia expanded its empire by drawing soldiers from conquered populations who were not persian109
11987191470Which statement best explains the diversity of Xerxes' army?The Persian Empire tolerate religious diversity and allowed ethnic groups to retain their cultural identities110
11987191471Which conclusion about the decline of the Roman Empire is supported by information on the map?Attacks from multiple directions overwhelmed Roman soldiers111
11987191472Which statement about the groups who migrated into the Roman Empire is shown on this map?Several groups of migrants originated just north of the Black Sea112
11987191473Which statement about the structure of society is best supported by the diagrams above?People in India and China both valued education highly113
11987191474Social structures such as the ones shown above providedSocial order and brought about social harmony114
11987191475The most advanced writing system in pre-Columbian America was that of theMaya115
11987191476Mesoamerican and Egyptian writing were similar in that bothUsed pictograms116
11987191477Which conclusion about Kievan Rus can most clearly be drawn from the painting above?It was heavily influenced by the culture of the Vikings117
11987191478Which artifact would best support the syncretism portrayed in the painting above?A baptism record indicating that a Kievan Rus chieftain had converted to Christianity118
11987191479Which statement about divorce under Islamic law is best supported by the passage?A Muslim woman could divorce her husband as long as she was willing to give back property she was given by her husband119
11987191480Which statement might best explain the Prophet Muhammad's decisions regarding the request of the wife Thabit bin Qais?Muhammad's first wife was an educated woman who owned a business, thus demonstrating that women could make important decisions about their status.120
11987191481Which conclusion about porcelain production is best supported by the passage?Industrialization and the trade in luxury goods led to a growing urban population in China121
11987191482What development most aided the growth in the labor supply necessary for the increasing production of porcelain and other manufactured goods?The development of a fast-growing variety of rice known as champa rice increased food production and led to food surpluses throughout China122
11987191483Which of the following conclusions about the period 1000-1450 is most directly supported by the map?Interregional conflicts between states and empires encouraged technological and cultural transfers123
11987191484Which piece of evidence best supports the argument that the Crusades were both an economic and a religious venture?At the urging of Venetian traders, Crusaders attacked Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade124
11987191485Which was an important direct effect on Europe as a result of the events portrayed on the map?The exposure to preserve classical works and new ideas from the Middle EAst contributed to the Renaissance125
11987191486Which event outside of South Asia most clearly resulted in an important difference between the first two states and the later two states? [Gupta Dynasty and Chola Kingdom; Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire]The spread of Islam after the death of Muhammad126
11987191487What factors is most responsible for the development of trade in the Indian Ocean during this time period?The development of Dar al-Islam127
11987191488"2. Leaders of a religion, preachers, monks, persons who are dedicated to religious practice, the criers of mosques, physicians and those who nathe the bodies of the dead are to be freed from public charges. 3. It is forbidden under penalty of death that anyone, whoever he be, shall be proclaimed emperor unless he has been elected preciously by the prices, khans, officers and other Mongol nobles in a general council 4. It is forbidden chieftains of nations and clans subject to the Mongols to hold honorary titles 5. It is forbidden ever to make peace with a monarch, a price or a people who have not submitted." Harold Lamb, the laws of Genghis Khan in Genghis Khan: The Emperor of All Men, 1928 12.1 The passage most strongly supports the idea that the MongolsDeveloped a centralized government consisting of local rulers who helped elect a Mongol emperor128
11987191489How did the political structure of the Mongol Empire change after the death of Genghis KhanThe empire did not change significantly because Genghis's descendants ruled much as he did129
11987191490The particular consequences invoked in the ritual curse in the treaty most strongly support which of the following statements about ancient Mesopotamia?Maintaining and expanding agricultural production was seen as a core task of governments.130
11987191491A historian would most likely use this passage in the treaty to illustrate which of the following?The precarious nature of early civilizations' relationship to their physical environment131
11987191492Which of the following was an important long-term effect of the expansion of the Assyrian Empire?The establishment of Jewish diasporic communities as a result of Assyrian military conquest132
11987191493Compared to the regulations in the excerpt, Buddhist practices concerning gender roles in the period 600 c.e. to 600 b.c.e. differed in that theyoffered women and men the possibility of monastic life as an alternative to marriage133
11987191494The views expressed in the excerpt are best seen as evidence of which of the following in Mauryan society?The persistence of patriarchy134
11987191495Which of the following changes to Mauryan religious policy occurred under Chandragupta's grandson, Emperor Ashoka?The promotion of Buddhist teachings through edicts by the ruler135
11987191496According to the passage, Xunzi was advocating an approach to governance that most clearly reflected the principles ofConfucianism136
11987191497Xunzi's idealized vision of Chinese society in the passage differs most strongly from the social structure of which of the following?Hindu society in South Asia during the Gupta Empire137
11987191498Ideas similar to those expressed in the passage have directly contributed to the development of which of the following aspects of later Chinese imperial history?The practice of recruiting capable bureaucrats on the basis of educational achievement rather than noble birth138
11987191499Which of the following best explains the overall demographic trend shown in the chart?Invasions by Germanic and Central Asian peoples139
11987191500Which of the following best describes the Roman response to the trend shown on the chart?Shifting power and resources to the east, eventually resulting in the creation of the Byzantine Empire140
11987191501Which of the following emerged in western Europe after 500 c.e. in large part as a reaction to the changes illustrated by the chart?The binding of peasants to the land as part of the development of feudal society141
11987191502English nobles resisted peasant demands such as those described in the passage because agricultural labor in many parts of fourteenth-century Afro-Eurasia had become scarce as a result of which of the following developments?Significant increase in mortality due to the spread of epidemic diseases142
11987191503All of the following statements are factually accurate. Which most likely explains Froissart's view of the peasants' grievances discussed in the passage?History writing in medieval Europe was aimed primarily at elite audiences.143
11987191504The painting is best seen as evidence for which of the following?The lasting impact of the spread of Christianity through Afro-Eurasia during the period of the late Roman Empire144
11987191505The painting can best be used as evidence for which of the following world historical trends that took place during the period 1450 c.e. to 1750 c.e.?The sponsorship of art by new elites145
11987191506Ethiopia's cultural traditions reflected in the painting had which of the following effects on Ethiopia's interactions with European colonial empires in the late nineteenth century?They provided Ethiopians with an additional rationale for resisting European encroachment.146
11987191507POPULATION OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, 1778-1878 Year Population 1778 242,000 1823 135,000 1831-32 124,000 1835-36 107,000 1850 84,000 1853* 73,000 1860 70,000 1866 63,000 1872 57,000 1878** 58,000 *1853: 97.5% of the population born in Hawaii **1878: 83.6% of the population born in Hawaii [Source: Alfred W. Crosby, Germs, Seeds and Animals: Studies in Ecological History, 1994] 32. The historical trend represented by the table is most similar to which of the following?The impact of the Columbian Exchange on American populations in the sixteenth century147
11987191508Which statement best describes the effects of the Mongol invasions on large cities such as Baghdad?Large cities lost importance as trading centers as the Mongols provided safe and Secure passage for long-distance traders.148

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