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| 10851879788 | Five Basic Relationships | ruler to ruled, father to son, husband to wife, elder brother to younger brother, friend to friend | 0 | |
| 10851879789 | Dao De Jing | collected ideas of Laozi | 1 | |
| 10851879790 | Analects | book written by Kong Fuzi that stresses the values and ideas of Confucianism | 2 | |
| 10851879791 | Laozi | founder of Daoism | 3 | |
| 10851879792 | Yin Yang | balance between aggressive and submissive parts of humanity | 4 | |
| 10851879793 | Classical Period | Expansion-Aggressive invasions combines with river valley experience to form even large civilizations Integration-New size makes it more challenging to keep everyone under control and society functioning | 5 | |
| 10851879794 | Characteristics of Classical Empires | Powerful military, Effective government bureaucracy, Control large territory-multiethnic and multicultural, Uniform currency and weights and measures, Service of citizens, Military technology, Uniform legal codes, Public works, Lavish public monuments, Patronize the arts and scholarship | 6 | |
| 10851879795 | Han and Roman Empire Similarities | Highly stratified societies, Patriarchal families—Confucianism, pater familias, Agricultural base—free peasants-small farms or tenant farmers, heavy dependency on slavery and latifundias, Educated civil service—Confucian trained scholar bureaucrats, civic responsibility, Highly centralized state—dynastic, empires with appearance of limits through Senate, Multicultural empires—most conquered assimilated, citizenship offered to best, extension of Roman law and building, Extensive road systems and urban communities, subordinated women, Armies maintain the empire—internal and external | 7 | |
| 10851879796 | Philosophy | usually doesn't have rituals | 8 | |
| 10851879797 | Religion | have philosophies in them and have structural components | 9 | |
| 10851879798 | Taoism | Lao-Tzu—Old Master (5th Century BCE) Wandering teacher Tao Te Ching Tao means the Way Develops an intuitive life at peace with nature Yielding overcomes force Accommodates himself to nature as water, Water doesn't resist but is powerful | 10 | |
| 10851879799 | Confucian Relationships | Ruler and subject, Father and Son, Elder Brother and Younger Brother, Husband and Wife, Friend and Friend | 11 | |
| 10851879800 | Confucianism | K'ung-fu-tzu (551-479 BCE) Family of bureaucrats (minor nobility) Developed theories on good government Traveled to find a ruler to employ him Followers recorded his teaching-Analects | 12 | |
| 10851879801 | Confucian teachings | Humans are basically good but some traits need to be built and others diminished, Practicing what you have learned is satisfying, Enjoying friends from afar brings joy, Patience is good, even with those less learned, Clever tongue and cleverness are rarely good, Society should be adapted to the goodness of people, Status of a person should be decided upon merit, Each person has a role to fill, Family is the basic unit of society, Based on obedience and respect | 13 | |
| 10851879802 | Legalism | Philosophy of government rather than private life Popularized during Era of the Warring StatesPrimarily a justification for applying force when persuasion fails, Sees most people as inclined to evil selfishness, government must restrain them Strict censorship, crushing of any independent thought | 14 | |
| 10851879803 | Cyrus the Great | founder of the Achaemenid Empire and tolerant ruler, led the Persians in 559BC to conquer lands from the Aegean Sea to India; rule ended in 529BC | 15 | |
| 10851879804 | Darius the great | tax collecting system, complex military system, Satrapis-divided empire into districts, royal road, | 16 | |
| 10851879866 | Ancestor veneration | regard with feelings of respect and reverence | 17 | |
| 10851879867 | Animism | the physical (or animal) side of a person as opposed to the spirit or intellect | 18 | |
| 10851879868 | Buddha | founder of Buddhism | 19 | |
| 10851879869 | Caste system | (Hinduism) a hereditary social class among Hindus | 20 | |
| 10851879870 | China | a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the communists led by Mao Zedong | 21 | |
| 10851879871 | Christianity | a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior | 22 | |
| 10851879872 | Confucius | Chinese philosopher (circa 551-478 BC) | 23 | |
| 10851879873 | Daoism | philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events | 24 | |
| 10851879874 | Diaspora | the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel | 25 | |
| 10851879875 | Hinduism | a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme beingof many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a | 26 | |
| 10851879876 | Reincarnation | the Hindu or Buddhist doctrine that person may be reborn successively into one of five classes of living beings (god or human or animal or hungry ghost or denizen of hell) depending on the person's own actions | 27 | |
| 10851879877 | Sanskrit | (Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism) | 28 | |
| 10851879878 | Centralized governments | one in which power or legal authority is exerted or coordinated by a de facto political executive to which federal states, local authorities, and smaller units are considered subject. | 29 | |
| 10851879879 | Constantinople | the largest city and former capital of Turkey | 30 | |
| 10851879880 | Corvee | unpaid labor which is intermittent in nature and lasts for limited periods of time. | 31 | |
| 10851879881 | Persia | an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC | 32 | |
| 10851879805 | Socrates | a Greek thinker who emphasized continually asking questions | 33 | |
| 10851879806 | Socratic Method | continually asking questions to systematically clarify another person's ideas and to identify the core of them | 34 | |
| 10851879807 | Academy | a school opened by Plato; taught students to question the nature of ideas | 35 | |
| 10851879808 | Golden Mean | emphasis on moderation, supported by Aristotle | 36 | |
| 10851879809 | Empiricism | trusting what one learns from observation and evidence of the senses rather than emphasizing intuition or religious beliefs | 37 | |
| 10851879810 | Zoroastrianism | One of the first monotheistic religions, particularly one with a wide following. It was central to the political and religious culture of ancient Persia. | 38 | |
| 10851879811 | Zarathustra | A Persian prophet, traditionally dated to the sixth or seventh century B.C.E. (but perhaps much older) who founded Zoroastrianism. | 39 | |
| 10851879812 | Cambyses | the son of Cyrus the Great; established the Achaemenid Empire, united Egypt, Mesopotamia, and India | 40 | |
| 10851879813 | Darius I | a ruler of the Achaemenid Empire; divided the empire into provinces, formed a bureaucracy, and constructed many public works projects | 41 | |
| 10851879814 | Xerxes | son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C. started to become less tolerant and pushed westward. led to decline of persia | 42 | |
| 10851879815 | Philip II | Macedonian king who sought to unite Greece under his banner until his death or murder. He conquered all except Sparta He was succeeded by his son Alexander. | 43 | |
| 10851879816 | Alexander the Great | Between 334 and 323 B.C.E. he conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East. | 44 | |
| 10851879817 | Pericles | ruled over Athens in its Golden Age (461-429BC); rebuilt the Parthenon and reformed the government | 45 | |
| 10851879818 | Polis | Ancient Greek city-state | 46 | |
| 10851879819 | Monarchy | King (or queen) rules the state | 47 | |
| 10851879820 | Direct Democracy | a government in which all citizens can vote directly on laws and other issues in a large assembly | 48 | |
| 10851879821 | Representative Democracy | a government in which citizens elect leaders to represent them and give those leaders power to make make laws and govern | 49 | |
| 10851879822 | Sparta | a powerful polis; known for developing a society organized around producing a powerful military | 50 | |
| 10851879823 | Hellenist Period | Culture associated with spread of Greek influence because of Macedonian conquests; Seen as combination of Greek culture with eastern political forms | 51 | |
| 10851879824 | Satraps | a ruler of a province who was responsible to the emperor, not to local leaders | 52 | |
| 10851879825 | Royal Road | Spanned 1500 miles across the Persian Empire; built by Darius, encouraged trade | 53 | |
| 10851879826 | Achaemenid | Known as the Persian Empire, biggest empire at the time. Ruled by Cyrus the Great, Darius and grew to span 3 continents: Asia, Africa, and Europe. Known for innovaitons in postal systems, road systems, and the usage of an official language. Invaded by Alexander III and afterward collapsed. | 54 | |
| 10851879827 | city-state | a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state | 55 | |
| 10851879828 | tribute | payment made periodically by one state or ruler to another | 56 | |
| 10851879829 | Moche | a civilization in northern Peru that flourished from about 200 BCE to 700 BCE | 57 | |
| 10851879830 | Ashoka Maurya | Warrior, Buddhist, Mauryan ruler | 58 | |
| 10851879831 | Gupta Dynasty | Dynasty founded in India, 300CE, Based in Magadha, Founded by Chandra Gupta (no relation to Chandragupta Maurya), c. 320 CE Slightly smaller than Mauryan Empire, Highly decentralized leadership, Foundations for studies in natural sciences and mathematics | 59 | |
| 10851879832 | Mauryan Dynasty | The earlier dynasty of India in this chapter founded by Chandragupta Maurya | 60 | |
| 10851879833 | Chandragupta Maurya | Founded first Indian empire of the chapter Took advantage of power vacuum left by Alexander, Overthrew Magadha rulers Founder of Maurya Empire - creates 1st unified Indian empire | 61 | |
| 10851879834 | White Huns | Nomads from Northwest India, defeated the gupta dynasty | 62 | |
| 10851879835 | Han Dynasty | The later of the two Chinese dynasties of the time | 63 | |
| 10851879836 | Pax Sinica | Period of Wudi's rule, golden age of China | 64 | |
| 10851879837 | Yellow Turban Rebellion | Peasant uprising due to land problems | 65 | |
| 10851879838 | Siddhartha Gautama | Founder of Buddhism | 66 | |
| 10851879839 | Arabic Numerals | Invented by Indians, 0-9 | 67 | |
| 10851879840 | Dao | The way of the path of harmony with nature | 68 | |
| 10851879841 | Caste System | Defined social hierarchy | 69 | |
| 10851879842 | Brahmins | Highest class, priests | 70 | |
| 10851879843 | Varna | means color in a sense of attribute or charateristic. class | 71 | |
| 10851879844 | Jati | birth, born into one's caste, a group that defines one's occupation and social position | 72 | |
| 10851879845 | Indian Ocean Sea Lanes | Ship routes from West Coast to East Africa and Indonesia | 73 | |
| 10851879846 | Senate | Any legislative or governing bodies. | 74 | |
| 10851879847 | Direct democracy | It is where the people vote directly for their officials. | 75 | |
| 10851879848 | Royal road | The Royal Road was an ancient highway reorganized and rebuilt by the Persian king Darius the Great of the first Persian Empire in the 5th century BCE. | 76 | |
| 10851879849 | Satrap | A governor of a province under the ancient Persian monarchy. | 77 | |
| 10851879850 | republic | a representative government of elected officials A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives. | 78 | |
| 10851879851 | Laws of the Twelve Tables | laws to provide checks on unrest and strikes from the plebeians and their leadership; dealt with almost every aspect of life - business transactions, property boundaries and penalties for crimes | 79 | |
| 10851879852 | Carthage | a city-state across the Mediterranean on the north coast of Africa | 80 | |
| 10851879853 | Roman Slave Rebellions | an rebellion led by a slave named Spartacus in 73 BCE; thousands of slaves were killed and another 6,000 were captured and executed by crucifixtion | 81 | |
| 10851879854 | Pax Romana | translated to "Roman peacetime," the time of Octavian (Augustus)'s rule | 82 | |
| 10851879855 | Constantine | the Roman Emperor that declared Christianity to be legal in 313 CE | 83 | |
| 10851879856 | St. Augustine | a monk in Roman North Africa who began to write the book "City of God" | 84 | |
| 10851879857 | Epicureanism | a Roman philosophy that promoted living simply, enjoying the pleasures of life, and not focusing on appealing to the gods | 85 | |
| 10851879858 | pontifex maximus | the chief priest of the Roman church | 86 | |
| 10851879859 | Jesus | a figure that emerged in the Jewish community who challenged traditional religious leaders and was regarded as a troublemaker by Roman officials | 87 | |
| 10851879860 | Peter | one of Jesus's first followers who was crucial in spreading the ideas of Jesus | 88 | |
| 10851879861 | Paul | a Jew who had a sudden, dramatic conversion to Christianity while traveling on a road leading into Damascus; spread Christianity into Hellenistic cities such as Ephesus and Corinth | 89 | |
| 10851879862 | Chanakya Kautilya | Chandragupta's adviser. Brahmin caste. Wrote The Treatise on Material Gain or the Arthashastra (advice manual). A guide for the king and his ministers: Supports royal power The great evil in society is anarchy. Therefore, a single authority is needed to employ force when necessary | 90 | |
| 10851879863 | Shang and Zhou Dynasties | China, 1766-1122 B.C.E. (Shang); 1122-256 B.C.E. (Zhou) - first two Chinese dynasties - Established lasting features of Chinese civilization -> Strong centralized rule- Mandate of Heaven -> Early form of Chinese writing -> Use of religion to support authority of ruler ->Agriculturally based societies Development of iron by 1000 bce Era of the Warring States Failure of Zhou feudalism,Last half of the Zhou Dynasty, Emperor - figurehead | 91 | |
| 10851879864 | Chang'an | Easily defended Walled city Elite lived in elegant multi-storied houses on broad, well-planned boulevards Common people lived in closely packed houses, in unplanned, winding alleys. Emperor was supreme --- Son of Heaven, Source of Law, but could lose his Mandate of Heaven Gentry: Local officials, landowners, adopted Confucianism | 92 | |
| 10851879865 | Decline of the Han | Nomadic Tribes of the North Attack (biggest reason) $$$$$$ to defend the borders Merchants and Landowners became powerful, not good for emperor Had to rely on mercenaries, not too reliable Dynasty falls around 220 C.E. | 93 |
