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| 10727846048 | Mesopotamia | A region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers that developed the first urban societies. In the Bronze Age this area included Sumer and the Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires, In the Iron Age, it was ruled by the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian empires. | 0 | |
| 10727846157 | Monarchy | A government ruled by a king or queen | 1 | |
| 10727846159 | Empire | A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler | 2 | |
| 10727846160 | Sumer | Is the southern part of Mesopotamia, several city-states there, shared common language. | 3 | |
| 10727846161 | Hammurabi | He designed a legal code in early Babylon that gave punishment based on crime and social status. Relied on the principle of lex talionis. | 4 | |
| 10727846164 | Irrigation System | Watering crops from a river, stopped flooding, and was done by canals, dikes and reservoirs. | 5 | |
| 10727846165 | Fertile Crescent | Located Mideast part of Asia between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates. | 6 | |
| 10727846166 | Division of Labor | Each worker given a specific job, that is done over and over again. Large job shared among all people, resulting in them to cooperate and depend on each other. | 7 | |
| 10727846049 | Egypt | This early empire has its home along Africa's longest river, with a detailed form of writing. | 8 | |
| 10727846180 | Nile | Worlds longest river, runs through Egypt. | 9 | |
| 10727846181 | Inundation | yearly flooding | 10 | |
| 10727846050 | Ancient Greece | A civilization that lasted from the 8th/6th century BCE to 600 AD. Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine Era. Because of conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Hellenistic civilization flourished from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea. Classical Greek culture, especially philosophy, had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire, which carried a version of it to many parts of the Mediterranean Basin and Europe, for which Classical Greek is generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of modern Western culture. | 11 | |
| 10727846185 | Alexander the Great | son of Philip II; received military training and was a student of Aristotle;leader of Macedonia in 336 B.C; conquered much land. | 12 | |
| 10727846187 | Philosophy | love of wisdom | 13 | |
| 10727846188 | City-state | a city and its surrounding farm lands with its own gov't and leaders. | 14 | |
| 10727846189 | Alexandria | Located on the on the Mediterranean Sea in the Northern coast of Egypt on the Nile delta; founded by Alexander the Great; the capital of ancient Egypt | 15 | |
| 10727846190 | Democracy | government in which people elect their leaders and rule by majority. | 16 | |
| 10727846194 | Persian War | a war in which Greek city-states united to defend their home against Persian invaders and won. | 17 | |
| 10727846195 | Oligarchy | form of government in which a few people from the ruling class make decisions for everyone. | 18 | |
| 10727846196 | Athens | a city-state in ancient Greece, located on Attica, a port of the Balkan peninsula northeast of the Peloponnesus.. | 19 | |
| 10727846051 | Ancient Rome | A civilization that began on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BCE. During its 12 centuries of existence Roman civilization shifted from a monarchy to a classical republic and then to an increasingly autocratic empire. Through conquest and assimilation it came to dominate Southern and Western Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa, and parts of Northern and Eastern Europe. Ancient Roman society has contributed to modern government, law, politics, engineering, art, literature, and society. It achieved impressive technological and architectural feats, such as the construction of an extensive system of aqueducts and roads, as well as large monuments, palaces, and public facilities. |  | 20 |
| 10727846201 | Caesar Augustus | Great nephew of Julius originally known as Octavian. | 21 | |
| 10727846202 | Pax Romana | Roman Peace, lasted more that 200 years with Augustus. | 22 | |
| 10727846204 | Julius Caesar | Roman states person and general. He was the director of Rome until he was murdered by a group of senators. | 23 | |
| 10727846205 | Carthage | City founded by Phoenicians, located in present-day Tunisia. | 24 | |
| 10727846207 | Gaul | Present day France and Belgium once part of the Roman empire. | 25 | |
| 10727846208 | Dictator | Ruler with absolute authority. | 26 | |
| 10727846209 | Republic | A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting. | 27 | |
| 10727846211 | Census | Count of people for taxes. | 28 | |
| 10727846212 | Senate | Wealthy and most powerful, declared war, controlled tax money, made agreements with other gov'ts. | 29 | |
| 10727846214 | Plebeians | Lower class, workers and foot soldiers, lived in crowded apartment buildings. | 30 | |
| 10727846217 | Germanic Tribes | Barbarians (such as Angles, Franks, Goths, Jules, Lombards, Saxons, and vandals) | 31 | |
| 10727846221 | Constantine | Roman general and emperor made Christianity an excepted religion in Rome. | 32 | |
| 10727846228 | Byzantium | Rebuilt later and renamed Constantinople, part of the Roman empire which prospered for a time long after the . | 33 |
