Ap world history chapter 12 terms.
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| 37240106 | Wendi | Member of prominent northern Chinese family during period of Six Dynasties; proclaimed himself emperor; supported by nomadic peoples of northern China; established Sui dynasty | 37240106 | |
| 37240107 | Yangdi | Second member of Sui dynasty; murdered his father to gain throne; restored Confucian examination system; responsible for construction of Chinese canal system; assassinated in 618. | 37240107 | |
| 37240108 | Li Yuan | Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over empire following assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu. | 37240108 | |
| 37240109 | Changan | Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time. | 37240109 | |
| 37240110 | Ministry of Rites | Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars | 37240110 | |
| 37240111 | Jinshi | Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office. | 37240111 | |
| 37240112 | Pure Land (Buddhism) | Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddihism; popular among masses of Chinese society | 37240112 | |
| 37240113 | Chan (Buddhism) | Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation of appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society | 37240113 | |
| 37240114 | Zen (Buddhism) | Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and the appreciation of natural and artistic beauty. | 37240114 | |
| 37240115 | Empress Wu | Tang ruler 690-705 C.E. in China; supported Buddhism establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state of religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created | 37240115 | |
| 37241923 | Wuzong | Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology. | 37241923 | |
| 37241924 | Xuanzong | Leading emperor of the Tang Dynasty in China who reigned from 713 to 755 though he encouraged overexpansion. | 37241924 | |
| 37241925 | Yang Guifei | Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of relatives into royal administration led to revolt | 37241925 | |
| 37241926 | Zhao Kuangyin | Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent. | 37241926 | |
| 37241927 | Liao dynasty | Founded in 907 by Nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; mantained independence from Song dynasty in China. | 37241927 | |
| 37241928 | Khitan | Nomadic peoples of Manchuria; militarily superior to Song dynasty China but influenced by Chinese culture; forced humiliating treaties on Song China in 11th century | 37241928 | |
| 37241929 | Zhu Xi | (1130-1200) Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action | 37241929 | |
| 37241930 | Neo- Confucians | Revived Ancient Confucian teachings in Song era China; great impact on the dynasties that followed; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made Chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and influences | 37241930 | |
| 37241931 | Tangut | Rulers of the Xi Xia kingdom of northwest china; one of the regional kingdoms during the period of Southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226. | 37241931 | |
| 37241932 | Xi Xia | Kingdom of the Tangut people, north of Song Kingdom, in the mid-11th century; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened chinese peasantry. | 37241932 | |
| 37477573 | Wang Anshi | Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society. | 37477573 | |
| 37477574 | Jurchens | Founders of Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south. | 37477574 | |
| 37477575 | Jin | Kingdom north of the Song Empire; established by the Jurchens in 115 after overthrowing the Liao dynasty; ended in 1234. | 37477575 | |
| 37477576 | Southern Song | Rump state of the Song Dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of the much larger domains of the Tang and northern Song; Culturally, one of the most glorious reigns in Chinese history. | 37477576 | |
| 37477577 | Grand Canal | Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long. | 37477577 | |
| 37477578 | Junks | Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula | 37477578 | |
| 37477579 | Flying Money | Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency | 37477579 | |
| 37477580 | Footbinding | Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household | 37477580 | |
| 37477581 | Li Bo | Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. | 37477581 |
