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AP World History Ch. 14 Flashcards

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8884511731CartazA naval trade license/pass issued by the Portuguese in the Indian Ocean during the sixteenth century (approx. 1502-1750).0
8884511732Indian Ocean TradeThe world's largest sea-based system of communication and trade before 1500 C.E.1
8884514974MonopolyThe exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity of service.2
8884514975CapitalismAn economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.3
8898318831Early Modern EraThe period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century.4
8898318832East India CompaniesBritish trading companies given the power to become involved in India's political and military affairs; it had its own soldiers and forts; hired sepoys.5
8898349124Joint-stock CompaniesCompanies made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts.6
8918774762Tokugawa Shogunate(1603-1867) Feudal Warlord rulers of Japan. They were responsible for closing Japan off from the rest of the world. Overthrown during the Meiji Restoration. They brought political unity to Japan.7
8918774763ShogunA hereditary commander-in-chief in feudal Japan. Because of the military power concentrated in his hands and the consequent weakness of the nominal head of state (the mikado or emperor), the shogun was generally the real ruler of the country until feudalism was abolished in 1867.8
8918774764SamuraiA member of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan, especially a member of the class of military retainers of the daimyos.9
8936803338InflationA general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.10
8941787763Fur TradeThe depletion of furs in Europe and the advent of a Little Ice Age with unusually cold temperatures made furs very valuable./European traders saw the Americas as a ready source of furs. Many paid local Indians for their furs./A high demand for beaver pelts led to the near extinction of the animal.11
8977309371Triangular TradeThe three legs of trade from the New World, to Europe, to Africa, and then back to the New World once again. New World sent sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe. Europe sent textiles, rum, and manufactured goods to Africa. Africa sent slaves to America.12
8977311114Middle PassageThe shipping route that brought slaves to America. The "middle" leg of triangular trade. It's very dangerous and disease-ridden.13
8977311115DisaporaThe dispersion of any people from their original homeland.14
9022854403Potosi Silver MineA city developed around a silver mine in Potosí, Bolivia- people involved got very rich- during 16th century Spain.15
9022854404Chattel SlaveryOwnership of human beings; a system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and can be bought or sold like property.16
9022857203Cash CropA crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower.17

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