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| 5809813406 | Ferdinand II | King of Aragon and king of Castile from 1479. He united the Spanish kingdoms into the nation of Spain and supported Columbus's exploration. | 0 | |
| 5809813407 | Hispaniola | First island in Caribbean settled by Spaniards; first settled by Columbus on his second voyage. | 1 | |
| 5809813408 | encomienda | Grant of Indian laborers made to Spanish conquerors and settlers in Latin America; basis for earliest forms of coerced labor in Spanish colonies. | 2 | |
| 5809813409 | Bartolomé de las Casas | Dominican friar who supported peaceful conversion of Native American population, opposed forced labor, and advocated Indian rights. | 3 | |
| 5809813410 | Hernán Cortés: | Led expedition to Mexico in 1519; defeated Aztec empire and established Spanish colonial rule. | 4 | |
| 5809813411 | Moctezuma II | Last independent Aztec ruler; killed during Cortés's conquest. | 5 | |
| 5809813412 | Mexico City | Capital of New Spain; built on ruins of Tenochtitlan. | 6 | |
| 5809813413 | New Spain | Spanish colonial possessions in Mesoamerica in territories once part of Aztec imperial system. | 7 | |
| 5809813414 | Francisco Vácquez de Coronado | Led Spanish expedition into the southwestern United States in search of gold. | 8 | |
| 5809813415 | Pedro de Valdivia | Spanish conqueror of Araucanian Indians of Chile; established city of Santiago in 1541. | 9 | |
| 5809813416 | mita | Forced labor system replacing Indian slaves and encomienda workers; used to mobilize labor for mines and other projects. | 10 | |
| 5809813417 | Granada | Last Muslim kingdom, which fell to Christian Spain in 1492. | 11 | |
| 5809813418 | Isabella I | Queen of Castile and Aragon. Together with her husband, Ferdinand II of Aragon, their reign was a turning point for the Iberian Peninsula. | 12 | |
| 5809813419 | Reconquista | The period of history of the Iberian Peninsula spanning approximately 770 years between the Islamic conquest of Hispania in 710 and the fall of the last Islamic state in Iberia at Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492 | 13 | |
| 5809813420 | Caribbean | First area of Spanish exploration and settlement. | 14 | |
| 5809813421 | ecomendero | The holder of a grant of Indians who were required to pay a tribute or provide labor. | 15 | |
| 5809813422 | expeditions | Group of 50-500 men who were the spearheads of conquest paving the road for permanent settlement and administration. | 16 |
