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| 5829041120 | tah mahal | a monument created by shah jahan of the mughal dynasty in india to honor his wife, it took 18 years to build, it is also a mosque | 0 | |
| 5829044842 | peacock throne | a throne made by the emperor of mughal india, the most spectacular seat that any human at the time would ever sit on, made by shah jahan, encrusted with 10 million rupees worth in jewels | 1 | |
| 5829050234 | mughals | the indian "mongol" empire, founded by Babur who claimed descendancy from chinggis khan and tamerlane | 2 | |
| 5829062604 | ghazi | muslim religious warriors, the ottomans strived to become these, they fought on behalf of Allah, "the sword of God", the ottomans organized them into two forces; volunteers and slave soldiers | 3 | |
| 5829067389 | janissaries | the christian population of the balkan region who became slave soldiers to the ottoman sultan, they were converted to islam and eventually became very loyal to the sultan | 4 | |
| 5829071107 | qizilbash | "red heads", followers of the Twelver Shiism religion, shah ismail was a believer of this religion that was a sect of shiite islam, they believed in the 12 true leaders of islam who were all reincarnations of allah, they believed ismail to be the 12th, they wore distinctive red hats | 5 | |
| 5829079593 | safavids | the royal family that shah ismail claimed descendency from and named his persian empire after | 6 | |
| 5829082058 | ottomans | the followers of osman bey and the citizens of the empire he created based out of anatolia and istanbul/constantinople | 7 | |
| 5829088539 | kanun | "laws" created by Suleyman the magnificent, a set of legal edicts for the ottoman people | 8 | |
| 5829092247 | millet | autonomous religious communities in the ottoman empire, religious peoples could retain their own languages, civil laws, and traditions, these communities were not practical in the Mughal empire | 9 | |
| 5829110702 | sikhs | members of a syncretic religion that combined elements of hinduism and islam, another religion that akbar supported | 10 | |
| 5829117430 | shah jahan | the architect of the Taj Mahal, the Peacock Throne, the taj mahal which was in memory of his wife who died, he was imprisoned by his son who took power from him and he was placed in a cell and the only way he could see the monument he created for his wife was with the reflection of a mirror | 11 | |
| 5829125067 | osman bey | the founder of the ottoman empire, he was the chief of a seminomadic turkish group that migrated to anatolia, him an his followers sought to become ghazi | 12 | |
| 5829131651 | mehmed ii | reigned 1451-1481, the ottoman sultan who led the capture of constantinople and opened a new chapter in ottoman expansion, he worked very hard to stimulate trade in his realm, he laid the foundations for a tightly centralized absolute monarchy | 13 | |
| 5829140349 | selim the grim | reigned 1512-1520, the ottoman sultan who occupied syria and egypt | 14 | |
| 5829143801 | suleyman the magnificent | reigned 1520-1566, the ottoman sultan who vigorously promoted expansion, he conquered baghdad and mesopotamia, and spread into hungary, he also organized a very powerful navy which was a combination of ottoman and captured lands' fleets | 15 | |
| 5829152709 | khayr al-din barbarossa pasha | 16 | ||
| 5829161418 | shah ismail | reigned 1501-1524, he the ancient persian imperial title of shah, began his own empire, with twelver shiism as the official religion traced his lineage back to sufi al din | 17 | |
| 5829170188 | safi al din | 1252-1334, a leader of a sufi religious order in northwestern persia, he was famous and ismail claimed relation to him | 18 | |
| 5829173944 | shah abbas | reigned 1588-1629, he fully revitalized the the safavid empire, he moved the capital to a busier center of trade, encouraged foreign trade, increased the use of gunpowder, | 19 | |
| 5829183198 | zahir al din muhammad | also known as babur or the tiger, he claimed descent from chinggis khan, and suddenly appeared in northern india, and conquered much of it | 20 | |
| 5829191354 | akbar | reigned 1556-1605, he was the real architect of the mughal empire, the grandson of babur, he was a very charismatic leader, he created a centralized administrative structure, he was deeply interested in religion and philosophy, and he created a policy of religious toleration, created his own syncretic religion call the "divine faith" | 21 | |
| 5829203675 | aurangzeb | reigned 1659-1707, ruled mughal india while it was at its largest, he faced many rebellions and religious tensions between the hindus and muslims, he broke akbar's policy of religious toleration, destroyed many hindu religious temples, put a tax on hindus | 22 |
