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| 80567707 | Cyrus | Founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. | 0 | |
| 80567708 | Darius I | Third ruler of the Persian Empire (r. 521-486 B.C.E.). He crushed the widespread initial resistance to his rule and gave all major government posts to Persians rather than to Medes. | 1 | |
| 80567709 | Satrap | The governor of a province in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, often a relative of the king. He was responsible for protection of the province | 2 | |
| 80567710 | Zoroastrianism | A religion originating in ancient Iran with the prophet Zoroaster. | 3 | |
| 80567711 | Polis | The Greek term for a city-state, an urban center and the agricultural territory under its control. | 4 | |
| 80567712 | Hoplite | A heavily armored Greek infantryman of the Archaic and Classical periods who fought in the close-packed phalanx formation. | 5 | |
| 80567713 | Tyrant | The term the Greeks used to describe someone who seized and held power in violation of the normal procedures and traditions of the community. | 6 | |
| 80567714 | Democracy | system of government in which all "citizens (however defined) have equal political and legal rights, privileges, and protections | 7 | |
| 80567715 | Sacrifice | A gift given to a deity | 8 | |
| 80567716 | Herodotus | eir to the technique of historia—"investigation—developed by Greeks in the late Archaic period. | 9 | |
| 80567717 | Pericles | Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens, supervised construction of the Acropolis | 10 | |
| 80567718 | Persian Wars | conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at Marathon (490 B.C.E.) | 11 | |
| 80567719 | Alexander | King of Macedonia in northern Greece | 12 | |
| 80567720 | Hellenistic Age | Historians' term for the era, usually dated 323-30 B.C.E., in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. | 13 | |
| 80567721 | Alexandria | City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. | 14 |
