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| 4838451030 | Planned cities and standardized weights and measures suggest that Harrapan civilization was this | Centralized and structured | 0 | |
| 4838451031 | Control over trade in these was essential to Harrapan economic power | Gemstones | 1 | |
| 4838451032 | Because it was less prone to monsoon flooding, Harrapan civilizations formed along this river | Indus | 2 | |
| 4838451033 | China idealized rule by these | Sage kings | 3 | |
| 4838451034 | The lack of _________ indicates a major indifference between Harrapan social structures, and those of other civilizations | Palaces | 4 | |
| 4838451035 | Pastoralists relied on this kind of society for food and goods | Urban | 5 | |
| 4838451036 | What caused pastoralists to migrate into river valley population centers? | Climate change | 6 | |
| 4838451037 | The Vedic people were able to conquer the Indus Valley largely due to these two technologies | Chariots and iron weapons | 7 | |
| 4838451038 | The settlements of Austronesia and the Aegean shared these characteristics | Islands and isolation | 8 | |
| 4838451039 | Austronesian settlements were characterized by | Pottery, stone tools, and domesticated pigs | 9 | |
| 4838451040 | A cause for the emergence of states in Mesopotamia in Egypt may have been the need to grant rulers authority over this | Irrigation | 10 | |
| 4838451041 | Scribes in both Mesopotamia and Egypt had this status | High (powerful) | 11 | |
| 4838451042 | Egypt, unlike Mesopotamia, lacked this | Fertile hinderland | 12 | |
| 4838451043 | Mesopotamian families were | Patriarchal | 13 | |
| 4838451044 | Writing systems such as cuneiform and hieroglyphics had this effect on the power of urban elites | They enhanced it | 14 | |
| 4838451045 | Cities relied on hinterlands for these | Raw materials | 15 | |
| 4838451046 | The use of the plough and wheeled vehicles formed the basis of a common culture in this region | Northern Europe | 16 | |
| 4838451047 | China's Shang Dynasty encouraged agriculture with these policies | Draaining low-lying lands and clearing forests | 17 | |
| 4838451048 | While cities did not emerge in the Americas and Sub- Saharan Africa, both experienced this | Population growth | 18 | |
| 4838451049 | Urban development was slow in this region because geographic obstacles led to scattered settlements | Aegean | 19 | |
| 4838451050 | Bronze metallurgy was introduced to China by this kind of society | Pastoralist | 20 | |
| 4838451051 | Unlike most territorial states, Shang China lacked these | Clearly defined borders and a capital | 21 | |
| 4838451052 | Territorial states developed these to rule over distant hinterlands | Bureacracies and legal codes | 22 | |
| 4838451053 | Because it was easy to smelt and shape, artisans especially valued this metal | Copper | 23 | |
| 4838451054 | This was a defining characteristic of the Code of Hammurabi | Punishment reflecting the severity of the crime | 24 | |
| 4838451055 | Why were many Afro- Eurasian cities founded in river valleys? | Being close to a source of water is important for agriculture | 25 | |
| 4838451056 | What effect did agricultural surpluses have on labor? | Greater devisions of labor such as pottery and textile weaving | 26 | |
| 4838451057 | Why was copper an especially valued commodity in early Afro- Eurasian cities? | It is easily smeted and shaped and becane the meatl of choice for charms, sculptures, and valued commodities | 27 | |
| 4838451058 | What are pastoralists? | Nomadic animal hearders who lived in pastoral communities | 28 | |
| 4838451059 | What was the relationship between pastoralists and city dwellers? | They lived longside eachother. Pastoralists bartered animal products and meats for pottery, grains, and tools produced in agritarian communities | 29 | |
| 4838451060 | Describe the links between early cities and rural areas | Both wys of life were independant and remained linked through family ties, trade, politics, and religion | 30 | |
| 4838451061 | Describe Mesopotamian social hierarchies | Ruling groups secured their privelaged acess to economic and political resouces by erecting systems of bureacracies | 31 | |
| 4838451062 | Describe the woman's role in the family in Mesopotamia | - the family consisted of the husband and wife bounded by contract - wife would provide children ( preferably male) - daughters would receive dowries necessary for succesful marriages into other families | 32 | |
| 4838451063 | What effect did the development of cuneiform have on the power of Mesopotamian elites? | Enhanced the urban elite's ability to trade goods, control property, and transmit ideas through literature, historical records, and sacred texts | 33 | |
| 4838451064 | How was Egypt similar to Mesopotamia? | densely populated areas whose inhabitants depended on irrigation, bulit monumental agriculture, gave their rulers immence authority, and created a complex social ordrer based on commercial and developemental centers | 34 | |
| 4838451065 | Describe the geography of the Nile river valley. How did it affect Egypt's development? | - sluggish river that cuts through the saharan desert and stretches 4238 miles - good land for agriculture of silt - annual floods gave regular moisture and enriched the soil. | 35 | |
| 4838451066 | What was an important difference between Mesopotamian and Egyptian rulers? | - in egypt the kind is a pharoh who is semi divine - in mesopotamia the king is a priest at the top of the class pyramid | 36 | |
| 4838451067 | What were the similarities between scribal culture in Egypt and Mesopotamia? | Writing emerged in response to economic news, so people soon grasped its utility for commemorative and religious purposes. As soon as literacy took hold, they both were drafting historical records and literary compositions | 37 | |
| 4838451068 | Why did civilizations in South Asia emerge in the Indus River valley and not in the Ganges? | The melting snows in the Himilayas watered the semitropical Indus Valley ensuring vegitation. The region did not suffer the yearly monsoon downpours that flooded the Ganges plain | 38 | |
| 4838451069 | What is a citadel? | Likely centers of political and rural activites | 39 | |
| 4838451070 | What characteristics of the Indus Valley cities lead scholars to theorize that Harrapan civilization was centralized and structured? | There was enough water, land, and tools for vegetation. Researchers also found evidence of furrows, probably made by plowing. This suggests farmers were cultivating harvests that yeilded surplus that allowed many inhabitants to specialize in other activities | 40 | |
| 4838451071 | What valuable South Asian commodity did Harrapan civilization's trade highly rely on? | Their imperitive access to the sea and invaluable raw materials | 41 | |
| 4838451072 | How were Harrapan cities different from Mesopotamian and Egyptian cities? | Harrapans did not have king lists and may not have had kings at all. They also didn't build palaces or grand royal tombs. | 42 | |
| 4838451073 | How did bronze metallurgy first arrive in China? | The nomads brought innovations including bronze to China | 43 | |
| 4838451074 | What did China's social and political system idealize? | Past tradition represented by sage kings which later ages emulated | 44 | |
| 4838451075 | What were the elements of northern Europe's common material culture? | Based on agriculture, the hearding of cattle for meat, the use of plough, and the use of wheeled vehicles and metal tools and weapons mainly of copper | 45 | |
| 4838451076 | What demographic trends characterized both sub- Saharan Africa and the Americas at the time civilizations were emerging in Afro- Eurasia? | The population grew but did not concentrate in urban communities | 46 | |
| 4838451077 | How did climate change affect the relationship between pastoral people's and civilizations? | It caused a constant need for water. The pastoral peoples set out to the main cities in search of better land, but they ended up challenging the religious leaders from these cities. They introduced the cities to chariots for war, so the cities copied them | 47 | |
| 4838451078 | What is a hinterland? | The outlying area of a city surrounding its borders | 48 | |
| 4838451079 | What features distinguished territorial states from city states? | - defined borders - bureacracy - capital | 49 | |
| 4838451080 | What principal did Hammurabi's code reflect? | Early beliefs of revenge and apparent " equality" | 50 | |
| 4838451081 | What is the name of the pastoralist invaders of the Indus River valley? | Aryans; Vedic people | 51 | |
| 4838451082 | Why were the Aryans able to conquer the Indus River valley? | Chariots and iron weapons | 52 | |
| 4838451083 | How was the Shang state different from states in Mesopotamia and Egypt? | Fertile hinterlands | 53 | |
| 4838451084 | What agricultural activities did Shang elites promote? | Farmers cleared land and drained swamps for more crops | 54 | |
| 4838451085 | Define divination | Seeking predictions or answers for supernatural means | 55 | |
| 4838461330 | What dominated social development in Europe | Warfare | 56 |
