Vocabulary from Chapter 2 -- Krueger 2011
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| 325735788 | Aristocracy | an upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another | 0 | |
| 325735789 | Bands | a social organization used by hunter-gatherer societies with association of families not exceeding 25-60 people | 1 | |
| 325735790 | Bantu | an African language family that started in Western Sub-Saharan Africa and eventually became the dominate culture of Sub-Saharan Africa around 3,000 BCE thanks to their agricultural techniques and iron-working prowess | 2 | |
| 325735791 | Chiefdom | a system of government in which the leader relies on generosity, ritual status, or charisma rather than force to win obedience from the people | 3 | |
| 325735792 | Diffusion | the gradual spread of ideas, religious traditions, foods, etc. without extensive population movement | 4 | |
| 325735793 | Domestication | the taming and changing of nature to benefit human kind | 5 | |
| 325735794 | End of the Last Ice Age | a process that began 14000 BCE and ended about 10000 BCE. this environmental change created a climate that was similar to our own, notably hotter and drier that led to an increasing human population | 6 | |
| 325735795 | Hunting and Gathering | pre-industrial state in which members use a combination of hunting and gather to acquire food, usually Nomadic | 7 | |
| 325735796 | Intensification | the process of getting more in return for less | 8 | |
| 325735797 | Metalworking | By about 3000 B.C.E., metalworking had become common in the Middle East. Like agriculture, knowledge of metals gradually fanned out to other parts of Asia and to Africa and Europe. Metalworking was extremely useful to agricultural and herding societies. It allowed for the creation of more efficient farming tools and better weaponry. | 9 | |
| 325735798 | Neolithic Revolution | Also known as the Agricultural Revolution, this is the invention of settled agriculture. this revolution in economic production began in the Middle-East as early as 10000 BCE and independently developed in India, China, and MesoAmerica | 10 | |
| 325735799 | Pastoralist | a society in which the herding of grazing animals is regarded as the ideal way of making a living, and in which movement of all of part of the society is considered normal and natural way of life; people who raise or herd livestock and hold no permanent home | 11 | |
| 325735800 | Patriarchal | Societies in which women defer to men; societies run by men and based on the assumption that men naturally directed political, economic, and cultural life. | 12 | |
| 325735801 | Peasants | members of society that are free farmers and who own their own land; generally small scale | 13 | |
| 325735802 | Priests | the class of people who are the religious experts for any given religious community | 14 | |
| 325735803 | Specialization | historically, this occurs when an increasingly complex division of labor occurs because their is a surplus of food allowing people to quit farming and 'specialize' in another skill | 15 | |
| 325735804 | Stateless Society | a society not governed by a state, this generally causes very little centralized authority; most positions of authority are within families | 16 | |
| 325735805 | Zoonoses | the process by which disease transmits from one species to another; this is particularly deadly, as the new host has no immunity to the disease | 17 |
