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| 8035979340 | Black Death | Name later given to the massive plague pandemic that swept through Eurasia beginning in 1331; it is usually regarded as an outbreak of bubonic plague. | 0 | |
| 8035983456 | Chinggis Khan | Title meaning "universal ruler" that was given to the Mongol leader Temujin in 1206 after he united the Mongols. | 1 | |
| 8035983532 | "fictive kinship" | Common form of tribal bonding in nomadic societies in which allies are designated and treated as blood relatives. | 2 | |
| 8035990031 | Ghazan Khan | Il-khan (subordinate khan) of Persia who ruled from 1295 to 1304; he is noted for his efforts to repair the Mongol damage to Persia. | 3 | |
| 8035990032 | Hulegu Khan | Grandson of Chinggis Khan (ca. 1217-1265) who became the first il-khan (subordinate khan) of Persia. | 4 | |
| 8035997280 | Karakorum | Capital of the Mongol Empire. | 5 | |
| 8035997281 | khagan | Supreme ruler of a Turkic nomadic confederation. | 6 | |
| 8035997282 | Khanbalik | The "city of the khan," founded as a new capital city for the Mongols after their conquest of China; now the city of Beijing. | 7 | |
| 8036009024 | Khubilai Khan | Grandson of Chinggis Khan who ruled China from 1271 to 1294. | 8 | |
| 8036009025 | Kipchak Khanate | Name given to Russia by the Mongols after they conquered it and incorporated it into the Mongol Empire in the mid-thirteenth century; known to Russians as the "Khanate of the Golden Horde." | 9 | |
| 8036012472 | Masai | Nomadic cattle-keeping people of what is now Kenya and Tanzania. | 10 | |
| 8036012473 | Modun | Great ruler of the Xiongnu Empire (r.210-174B.C.E.) who created a centralized and hierarchical political system. | 11 | |
| 8036015470 | pastoralism | Way of life in which people depend on the herding of domesticated animals for their food. | 12 | |
| 8036017833 | Turks | Turkic speakers from Central Asia, originally nomads, who spread westward into the Near East and into India; they created a series of nomadic empires between 552 and 965 C.E. but had a more lasting impact on world history when they became dominant in the Islamic heartland and founded a series of states and empires there. | 13 | |
| 8036017834 | Xiongnu | People of the Mongolian steppe lands north of China who formed a large-scale nomadic empire in the third and second centuries B.C.E. | 14 | |
| 8036017835 | Yuan dynasty | Mongol dynasty that ruled China from 1271 to 1368; its name means "great beginnings. | 15 |
