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| 7664549586 | Taika reforms | attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolutist Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army. |  | 0 |
| 7664549587 | Tale of Genji | written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society. |  | 1 |
| 7664549588 | Fujiwara | mid-9th-century Japanese aristocratic family; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power. |  | 2 |
| 7664549589 | bushi | "regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies." |  | 3 |
| 7664549590 | samurai | "mounted troops of the bushi; loyal to local lords, not the emperor." |  | 4 |
| 7664549591 | seppuku | ritual suicide in Japan; also known as hari-kiri; demonstrated courage and was a means to restore family honor. |  | 5 |
| 7664549592 | Taira | powerful Japanese family in 11th and 12th centuries; competed with Minamoto family; defeated after Gempei Wars. |  | 6 |
| 7664549593 | Minamoto | defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei Wars and established military government (bakufu) in 12th-century Japan. | | 7 |
| 7664549594 | Gempei wars | waged for five years from 1180 on Honshu between the Taira and Minamoto families; ended in destruction of Taira. |  | 8 |
| 7664549595 | bakufu | "military government established by the Minamoto following Gumpei wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai." |  | 9 |
| 7664549596 | shoguns | military leaders of the bakufu. | 10 | |
| 7664549597 | Hojo | a warrior family closely allied with the Minamoto; dominated Kamakura regime and manipulated Minamoto rulers; ruled in name of emperor. | 11 | |
| 7664549598 | Ashikaga Takuaji | member of Minamoto family; overthrew Kamakura regime and established Ashikaga shogunate (1336-1573); drove emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino. | 12 | |
| 7664549599 | Ashikaga Shogunate | replaced the Kamakura regime and ruled from 1336 to 1573; destroyed rival Yoshino center of imperial authority. | 13 | |
| 7664549600 | daimyos | warlord rulers of small states following Onin war and disruption of Ashikaga shogunate; holdings consolidated into unified and bounded mini-states. | 14 | |
| 7664549601 | Choson | earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by Han in 109 B.C.E. | 15 | |
| 7664549602 | Koguryo | tribal people of northern Korea; established an independent kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula; adopted cultural Sinification. | 16 | |
| 7664549603 | Silla | Korean kingdom in southeast; became a vassal of the Tang and paid tribute; ruled Korea from 668. | 17 | |
| 7664549604 | Paekche | independent Korean kingdom in southwestern part of peninsula; defeated by rival Silla kingdom and its Chinese Tang allies in 7th century. | 18 | |
| 7664549605 | Sinification | extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions. | 19 | |
| 7664564013 | Tribute System | Chinese method of dealing with foreign lands and people's that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute to the Chinese emperor | 20 | |
| 7664549606 | Yi Dynasty | dynasty (1392-1910); succeeded Koryo dynasty after Mongol invasions; restored aristocratic dominance and Chinese influence. | 21 | |
| 7664549607 | Khmers | Indianized Vietnamese peoples defeated by northern government at Hanoi. | 22 | |
| 7664549608 | Trung sisters | leaders of a rebellion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 C.E.; demonstrates importance of women in Vietnamese society. | 23 | |
| 7664549609 | Chams | Indianized rivals of the Vietnamese; driven into the highlands by the successful Vietnamese drive to the south. | 24 | |
| 7664549610 | Nguyen | southern Vietnamese dynasty with capital at Hue that challenged northern Trinh dynasty with center at Hanoi. | 25 | |
| 7664549611 | Trinh | "dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in south." | 26 |
