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| 1082512277 | Taika reforms | Attempt to remake the Japanese monarch into an absolutist Chinese-style emperor and the Han-Tang era; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army. Began around 646 | 0 | |
| 1082512278 | Tale of Genji | Written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any language; evidence for mannered style of Japanese society. Described the imperial court at Heian. | 1 | |
| 1082512279 | Fujiwara | Mid-9th-century Japanese aristocratic family; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power. | 2 | |
| 1082512280 | Bushi | Regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies. During the period of the Bushi, combat often depended on man-to-man struggles between champions typical of heroic warfare | 3 | |
| 1082512281 | Samurai | Mounted troops of the bushi; loyal to local lords, not the emperor | 4 | |
| 1082512282 | Seppuku | Ritual suicide in Japan; also known as hari-kiri; demonstrated courage and was a means to restore family honor | 5 | |
| 1082512283 | Gempei wars | Waged for five years from 1180 on Honshu between the Taira and Minamoto families; ended in destruction of the Taira. Signaled the beginning of the Japanese feudal age | 6 | |
| 1082512284 | Bakufu | Military government established by the Minamoto after the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai | 7 | |
| 1082512285 | Shoguns | Military leaders of the bakufu | 8 | |
| 1082512286 | Daimyo | Warlord rulers of small states following Onin War | 9 | |
| 1082512287 | Ashikaga Shogunate | holdings consolidated into unified and bounded ministates. | 10 | |
| 1082512288 | Choson | Earliest Korean kingdom; conquered by the Han in 109 B.C.E. | 11 | |
| 1082512289 | Sinification | Extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions. Japan began the process in the 5th and 6th centuries CE | 12 | |
| 1082512290 | Silla | Korean kingdom in the Southeast; became a vassal of the Tang and paid tribute; ruled Korea from 668 | 13 | |
| 1082512291 | Trung sisters | Leaders of a rebellion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 C.E.; demonstrates importance of women in Vietnamese society | 14 | |
| 1082512292 | Nguyen | Southern Vietnamese dynasty with capital at Hue that challenged northern Trinh dynasty with center at Hanoi. | 15 | |
| 1082512293 | Kami | Nature spirits of Japan | 16 | |
| 1082512294 | Taira | Powerful Japanese family in 11th and 12th centuries; competed with Minamoto family; defeated after Gempei Wars. | 17 | |
| 1082512295 | Minamoto | Defeated the rival Taira family in Gempei Wars and established military government in 12th-century Japan | 18 | |
| 1082512296 | Tribute system | System in which people surrounding China sent emissaries who offered tribute to the Chinese emperor and acknowledged the superiority of the emperor and China. | 19 | |
| 1082512297 | Trinh | Dynasty that ruled in north Vietnam at Hanoi, 1533 to 1772; rivals of Nguyen family in South | 20 | |
| 1082512298 | Hue | Capital of the Nguyen Southern Vietnamese Dynasty | 21 |
