Terms : Hide Images
| 88557077 | Muhammad | definition: the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) significance: founder of Islam, a prominent religion | 0 | |
| 88557078 | Abu Bakr | definition: companion of 1st Muslim leader after Muhammad, regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful successor significance: First sucessor to Muhammad, set the status-quo for Caliphs | 1 | |
| 88557079 | Ali | definition: the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites significance: | 2 | |
| 88557080 | Abu al-Abbas | definition: Leader of rebellion in Persia that led to the downfall of the Umayyad significance: led to the downfall of the Umayyad | 3 | |
| 88557081 | Harun al-Rashid | definition: fifth and most famous Abbasid Caliph in Iraq significance: Brought the high point of the Abbasid empire, supporting weath | 4 | |
| 88557082 | Al-Ghazali | definition: Islamic theologian who struggled to fuse Greek and Koranic traditions significance: | 5 | |
| 88557083 | Omar Khayyam | definition: Persian poet and mathematician and astronomer whose poetry was popularized by Edward Fitzgerald's translation (1050-1123) significance: Demonstrated Persian influence during the Abbasid empire. | 6 | |
| 88557084 | Ibn Rushd | definition: tried to blend Aristotle's and Plato's views with those of Islam- argued that Greek philosophy had the same goal: to find the truth. significance: demonstrated classical influence | 7 | |
| 88557085 | Islam | definition: the monotheistic religion of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Koran significance: Prominent religion, helped bring unity to large stretches of land | 8 | |
| 88557086 | Muslim | definition: a believer or follower of Islam significance: Spread Islamic religion | 9 | |
| 88557087 | Dar al-Islam | definition: religious conceptualization of the world as belonging either to Muslim or non-Muslim territory, exists within Islam significance: Allowed for expeditions from other countries to be facilitated | 10 | |
| 88557088 | Mecca | definition: City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion significance: Important location in Islam | 11 | |
| 88557089 | Quran (Koran) | definition: the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina significance: Basis of the Islamic faith | 12 | |
| 88557090 | Hadith | definition: a tradition based on reports of the sayings and activities of Muhammad and his companions significance: Established a principle based on Muhammad's life | 13 | |
| 88557091 | Medina | definition: a city in western Saudi Arabia to where Muhammad had fled significance: Islamic significance, location where Muhammad was buried, first Mosque | 14 | |
| 88557092 | Hijra | definition: The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam significance: Founded Islam | 15 | |
| 88557093 | Umma | definition: the Muslim community or people, considered to extend from Mauritania to Pakistan significance: Provided peace along these lands | 16 | |
| 88557094 | Seal of the Prophets | definition: name recognizing Muhammad as the last and greatest prophet significance: Solidified Muhammad's role as a great prophet | 17 | |
| 88557095 | Kaaba | definition: a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine significance: Sacred Muslim site, many pray at the Kaaba several times a day | 18 | |
| 88557096 | Five Pillars of Islam | definition: the five basic acts of worship that are central to Islam (Faith, Prayer, Fasting, Alms, Pilgrimage) significance: Foundation of Islam, reinforced by Muhammad | 19 | |
| 88557097 | Sharia | definition: the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Muhammed significance: Sharia is still used today, prohibits actions according to Islam, demonstrates Muhammad's influences | 20 | |
| 88557098 | Caliph | definition: the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth significance: Center of several debates, the leader of an expansive empire | 21 | |
| 88557099 | Umayyad | definition: the dynasty caliphs whose capital was Damascus, one of the largest empires ever significance: Spanned large areas of land that facilitated trade and brought unity | 22 | |
| 88557100 | Shia | definition: the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad significance: source of many debates, one of the largest Islamic denominations | 23 | |
| 88557101 | Abbasid | definition: The dynasty that came after the Umayyads, devoted their energy to trade, scholorship, and the arts significance: ushered in an era of flourishing of the dar al-Islam | 24 | |
| 88557102 | Ulama | definition: Orthodox religious scholars within Islam; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology significance: Ensured observance of Islamic traditions | 25 | |
| 88557103 | Qadis | definition: Muslim judges who carried out the judicial functions of the state significance: Ensured observance of Islamic traditions | 26 | |
| 88557104 | Sultan | definition: the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire) significance: true leaders of dar al-Islam, set up a puppet state | 27 | |
| 88557105 | Caravanserai | definition: an inn in some Eastern countries with a large courtyard that provides accommodation for caravans significance: facilitated trade by making it easier | 28 | |
| 88557106 | Al-Andalus | definition: Arabic name given to a nation in the parts of the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims significance: Demonstrated the expansive realm of Islam | 29 | |
| 88557107 | Sufis | definition: a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life significance: most successful missionaries, helped spread | 30 | |
| 88557108 | Hajj | definition: the fifth pillar of Islam, a pilgrimage to Mecca significance: A large part of a Muslim's life, symbol of religious unity | 31 |
