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| 1082585127 | Chinggis Khan | Grandson of Kabul Khan; born in 1170s; elected supreme Mongol ruler (khagan) in 1206; began the Mongols' rise to world power; died 1227. | 0 | |
| 1082585128 | Tumens | Basic fighting units of Mongol forces; made up of 10,000 cavalrymen divided into smaller units | 1 | |
| 1082585129 | Tangut | Rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of northwest China during the Southern Song period; conquered by Mongols in 1226 | 2 | |
| 1082585130 | Muhammad Shah II | Turkic ruler of Muslim Khwarazm; conquered by Mongols in 1220. | 3 | |
| 1082585131 | Karakorum | Capital of Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan | 4 | |
| 1082585132 | Shamanistic religion | Mongol beliefs focused on nature spirits | 5 | |
| 1082585133 | Batu | Grandson of Chinggis Khan and ruler of the Golden Horde; invaded Russia in 1236. | 6 | |
| 1082585134 | Ogedei | Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded him as Mongol khagan | 7 | |
| 1082585135 | Golden Horde | One of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after the death ofChinggis Khan; conquered and ruled Russia during the 13th and 14th centuries. | 8 | |
| 1082585136 | Prester John | A mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom supposedly had been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests; some thought he was Chinggis Khan | 9 | |
| 1082585137 | Ilkhan khanate | One of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after the death ofChinggis Khan; eventually included much of Abbasid Empire. | 10 | |
| 1082585138 | Hulegu | Grandson of Chinggis Khan and ruler of Ilkhan khanate; captured and destroyed Abbasid Baghdad | 11 | |
| 1082585139 | Mamluks | Muslim slave warriors; established dynasty in Egypt; led by Baibars; defeated Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 | 12 | |
| 1082585140 | Kubilai Khan | Grandson of Chinggis Khan; conquered China; established Yuan dynasty in 1271. | 13 | |
| 1082585141 | Tatu | Mongol capital of Yuan dynasty; present-day Beijing | 14 | |
| 1082585142 | Chabi | Influential wife of Kubilai Khan; demonstrated refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Confucian China | 15 | |
| 1082585143 | Nestorians | Asian Christian sect; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions | 16 | |
| 1082585144 | Romance of the West Chamber | Famous Chinese dramatic work written during the Yuan period. | 17 | |
| 1082585145 | White Lotus Society | Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty | 18 | |
| 1082585146 | Ju Yuanzhang | Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty | 19 | |
| 1082585147 | Timur-i Lang | Last major nomad leader; 14th-century Turkic ruler of Samarkand; launched attacks in Persia, Fertile Crescent, India, southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405 | 20 | |
| 1082585148 | Kuriltai | Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected | 21 | |
| 1082585149 | Khagan | Title of supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes | 22 | |
| 1082585150 | Khanates | Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Chinggis Khan | 23 | |
| 1082585151 | Battle of Kulikova | Russian army victory over the forces of the Golden Horde; helped break Mongol hold over Russia | 24 | |
| 1082585152 | Baibars | (1223 - 1277) Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut in 1260; originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians | 25 | |
| 1082585153 | Berke | (1257 - 1266) A ruler of the Golden Horde; converted to Islam; his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests in the Middle East. | 26 | |
| 1082585154 | Ming Dynasty | Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China. | 27 |
