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| 8658048205 | Galileo Galilei | Italian scientist who created the first telescope and proved that the planets and moons move | 0 | |
| 8658053453 | Ninety-five These | Issued by Martin Luther in 1517 and was the main catalyst of the Protestant Reformation | 1 | |
| 8658063783 | Protestant Reformation | Religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century which shattered the unity of the Roman Catholic Christianity | 2 | |
| 8658100521 | Martin Luther | German priest that nailed the 95 Theses on the church door and is one of the leaders of the Protestant Reformation | 3 | |
| 8658108054 | Huguenot | French protestant minority and the Edict of Nantes was issued for their religious freedom | 4 | |
| 8658115476 | Thirty Years' War | Catholic Protestant struggle that began in the Holy Roman Empire, was very destructive and said to have killed 15-30 percent of the German population from violence, famine, and disease | 5 | |
| 8658123178 | Taki Onqoy | religious revivalist movement in central Peru that called on the Native People to cutoff all contact with the Spanish, reject Christian worship, and to return to traditional practices | 6 | |
| 8658136349 | Bhakti | The flourishing of a devotional form of Hinduism through songs, prayers, dances, poetry, and rituals, that brought Hindus and Muslims together | 7 | |
| 8658166122 | Catholic Counter-Reformation | religious movement in the 16th century within the Catholic church to reform itself as a result of the Protestant Reformation | 8 | |
| 8658173014 | Nicolaus Copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced the first workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center | 9 | |
| 8658176776 | Edict of Nantes | Issued by King Henry IV in 1598, gave some religious freedom to the French Protestants, as long as they eventually returned to the Catholic Church | 10 | |
| 8658210867 | European Enlightenment | 18th century philosophical movement that proposed individual self-interest as the motivating factor in human behavior, also challenged religion | 11 | |
| 8658219345 | Thomas Hobbes | English philosopher who wrote Leviathan which states that people were naturally greedy and prone to violence and that the government should preserve peace | 12 | |
| 8658224165 | Council of Trent | Meeting of Roman Catholic leaders who were called by the Pope Paul III and it ruled on the criticism of Protestant Reformers | 13 | |
| 8658229459 | Deism | Religion that believed in a more abstract and remote Deity and had a concept of God common to the Scientific Revolution | 14 | |
| 8658237711 | Kaozheng | movement that emphasized importance of precision, accuracy, and analysis in all fields of inquiries such as medicine, botany, eat., and it led to the criticism of Neo Confucian Orthodoxy | 15 | |
| 8658243496 | John Locke | Enlgish philosopher who advocated the idea of "social contract" in which the government powers come from the people and where the government serves the people, also that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property | 16 | |
| 8658255617 | Mirabai | Bhakti female poet who rejected tradition by declining to throw herself on a funeral pyre, took an untouchable as her guru, and in doing so rejected the caste system | 17 | |
| 8658261552 | Guru Nanak | Indian religious leader who founded sikhism which is descent from the caste system of Hinduism | 18 | |
| 8658266789 | Isaac Newton | English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author, and physicist who defined the laws of gravity and motion and tried to explain motion of the universe | 19 | |
| 8658272635 | Jean-Jaques Rosseau | French philosopher who believed that human beings are naturally good and free and can rely on their instincts, also that government should exist to protect common good and be a democracy | 20 | |
| 8658279892 | Scientific Revolutio | era between 16th and 18th century when scientist began questioning the teaching of the church and using scientific method to form theories about the natural world | 21 | |
| 8658284951 | Sikhism | religion that combined the ideas of Hinduism and Islam and ignored the caste system ad allowed more participation by women | 22 | |
| 8658293290 | Voltaire | French writer who believed in Deism and criticized the ignorance and corruption of established religion through his writings | 23 | |
| 8658299720 | Wahhabi Islam | Islamic movement where male control over women was encouraged and strengthened, and led to the creation of Central Arabian reformist state | 24 | |
| 8658305268 | Peace of Westphalia | Treaty that ends the Thirty Years' War in 1648 and laid foundations for a system of independence for competing states | 25 |
