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| 10669698780 | What was the innovation launched by the Ming dynasty? Select one: a. Receiving tribute payments from Korea and Japan b. Mounting huge, state-sponsored trading expeditions to southern Asia and beyond c. Extending their political control over Vietnam and Korea d. Use of a centralized bureaucracy but under the direct control of the emperor e. The use of gunpowder weapons on both land and naval vessels | b | 0 | |
| 10669698781 | What Florentine painter led the way in the movement toward nature and people as the primary subject matter of Renaissance art? Select one: a. Giotto b. Boccaccio c. Petrarch d. Fra Angelico e. Masaccio | a | 1 | |
| 10669698782 | Which of the following statements concerning the Ottoman Empire is most accurate? Select one: a. The Ottomans never mastered the full territorial extent of the old caliphate. b. Scientific and philosophical investigations reached the level of innovation that they had enjoyed under the Abbasids. c. The Turks refused to patronize the traditional Persian artists and craftsmen who had dominated the later Abbasid court. d. Turkish rulers did not promote maritime trade as vigorously as had the Arabs. e. The Ottomans were more interested in cultural patronage than in military organization. | d | 2 | |
| 10669698783 | What Italian city-state was best placed to engage in the new, Western-oriented commercial ventures of the 15th century? Select one: a. Padua b. Genoa c. Pisa d. Rome e. Florence | b | 3 | |
| 10669698784 | Which of the following civilizations first attempted to fill the commercial vacuum created by the decline in Arabic trade? Select one: a. China b. Japan c. Sub-Saharan Africa d. Russia e. India | a | 4 | |
| 10669698785 | The practice of judging other peoples by the standards and practices of one's own culture of ethnic group is Select one: a. aversionism. b. genocide. c. localism. d. anthropomorphism. e. ethnocentrism. | e | 5 | |
| 10669698786 | Which of the following was NOT a result of the European contact with sub-Saharan Africa after 1500? Select one: a. European weapons played an increasing role in the tribal conflicts between north and south. b. Regional kingdoms lost all influence in west Africa and were replaced by European governments c. Trade shifted in west Africa from Muslim to European hands d. Trade patterns in west Africa shifted from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic e. Seizure of slaves for European use affected many regions deeply | b | 6 | |
| 10669698787 | In what region of Europe did the Renaissance begin? Select one: a. Italy b. France c. Germany d. Spain e. England | a | 7 | |
| 10669698788 | What area represented a new conquest for the Ottoman Empire in the late 1400s? Select one: a. Asia Minor b. North Africa c. Russia d. Mesopotamia e. Southeastern Europe | e | 8 | |
| 10669698789 | What admiral commanded China's great overseas expeditions between 1405 and 1433? Select one: a. Chenla Khmer b. Yan Xuanshang c. Jung Tzi Lung d. Zheng He e. Xun Xi | d | 9 | |
| 10669698790 | The key theme of Polynesian culture from the 7th century to 1400 was Select one: a. spurts of migration and conquest that spread beyond the initial base in the Society Islands. b. contraction as a result of the world-wide epidemic of the 14th century. c. the adoption of Japanese civilization in the island societies. d. large-scale expeditions of discovery that were aimed at establishing colonies in South America. e. the development of a uniform written script. | a | 10 | |
| 10669698791 | Which of the following statements is most accurate? Select one: a. Without European intervention, there is no reason to believe that the Inca and Aztec empires could not have survived for several more centuries. b. Both the Inca and the Aztecs stopped exploiting subject peoples after 1500 due to the intervention of the Black Plague. c. Prior to the arrival of the Europeans, both the Inca and the Aztec empires had been replaced by other, indigenous governments. d. Because of internal weaknesses, both the Inca and the Aztec empires were receding and might not have survived, even if the Europeans had not arrived. e. Without European interference, the likelihood is that the Inca Empire would have overwhelmed the Aztecs and established a unified government in the Americas. | d | 11 | |
| 10669698792 | Which of the following statements concerning the Ottoman Empire is most accurate? Select one: a. The expansionist power of the Ottoman Empire was very real, but it was not the sole hub of an international network. b. Turkish rulers promoted trade more actively than did their Arab predecessors. c. The Ottoman Empire had no expansionist interests or capabilities. d. The rise of the Ottoman Empire restored the full international vigor that the Islamic caliphate had possessed. e. The Ottomans competed with western Europe for Atlantic trade. | a | 12 | |
| 10669698793 | Which of the following was NOT a drawback to the West's emergence as a global power? Select one: a. The West did not begin to establish key maritime and commercial links until after 1450. b. Population loss caused further economic disarray and lack of strong leadership. c. The lives and economic activities of ordinary Europeans, the artisans and peasants, were in serious disarray. d. The Catholic church, long one of the organizing institutions of Western civilization, was under attack. e. Western nations lacked the political coherence and organizing ability of imperial China. | a | 13 | |
| 10669698794 | By what date had the Arabs been virtually excluded from European trade? Select one: a. 1000 b. 1100 c. 1350 d. 900 e. 1453 | b | 14 | |
| 10669698795 | Which of the following was NOT one of the reasons that Italy emerged as the center of the early Renaissance? Select one: a. Italy was spared the Black Plague due to its geographic location. b. Italy led the West by the 14th century in banking and trade. c. Italy had closer contacts with foreign scholars, particularly those in late Byzantium. d. Italy was more urbanized than most of Europe. e. Italy retained more contact with Roman traditions than did the rest of Europe. | a | 15 | |
| 10669698796 | What was the Western response to the problems of international trade that they experienced in 1400? Select one: a. Western nations began explorations of alternative routes to Asia that would bypass the Middle East and Muslim realms. b. They began to pull back from all but regional trade networks found in the eastern Mediterranean. c. Overland trade routes through northern Russia were established to the East. d. Many nations sought to establish alliances with the Ottoman Empire in order to restore the trade routes. e. Western nations halted trade with Asia and the East and became more dependent on European-produced commodities. | a | 16 | |
| 10669698797 | Which of the following was NOT a symptom of decline in the Arabic caliphate by 1400? Select one: a. The narrowing of intellectual life symbolized by the triumph of religion over literature, philosophy, and science b. The decline of the Sufis c. Decline of tax revenues for the state d. Landlords ceasing to experiment with new agricultural techniques. e. Landlords seizing power over peasants | b | 17 | |
| 10669698798 | Which of the following statements concerning Arabic trade after 1100 is most accurate? Select one: a. The Arab trading complex was reduced after 1100 to the Middle East. b. Arabic control of the seas was strengthened following 1100. c. The total collapse of the Islamic world in the 12th century can best be compared to the fall of the Roman Empire. d. Their economic decline could be compared to that of Rome. e. Although Arabic trade was reduced, Muslims remained active in world markets. | e | 18 | |
| 10669698799 | In comparison to medieval culture, Renaissance culture was Select one: a. disinterested in classical models. b. more concerned with things of the earthly world. c. more other-worldly and religious. d. based less on urban vitality and expanding commerce. e. more concerned with Aristotelian philosophy. | b | 19 | |
| 10669698800 | Which of the following was NOT a source of Western dynamism in the 14th and 15th centuries? Select one: a. The growth of cities and urban economies b. A cultural reawakening c. Two centuries of peace among the major European nations d. The strengthening of feudal monarchy e. Advances in metallurgy | c | 20 | |
| 10669698801 | Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to the economic crises of the 14th century? Select one: a. Bubonic plague b. Withdrawal from the global trading network c. Labor shortages d. Recurrent famine e. Lack of technological advance in agriculture | b | 21 | |
| 10669698802 | Which of the following was NOT a reason used by the Ming dynasty to halt the trading expeditions? Select one: a. The growing military expenses of the campaigns against the Mongols b. The traditional preference of the Chinese for Asian products c. The expense of building the new capital in Beijing d. The opposition of the scholar-gentry and bureaucracy e. The technological inferiority of Chinese ships and navigation | e | 22 | |
| 10669698803 | What proportion of the European population died as a result of the 14th century plague? Select one: a. One fourth b. One tenth c. One eighth d. One half e. One third | e | 23 | |
| 10669698804 | Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Hawaiian culture? Select one: a. Warlike regional kingdoms b. Highly stratified social structure c. Urbanization d. Animal husbandry featuring swine e. Use of imported animals such as pigs | c | 24 | |
| 10669698805 | Which of the following statements concerning the cessation of state-sponsored trade by the Ming dynasty is most accurate? Select one: a. In Chinese terms, it was the brief emphasis on trading and commerce that was unusual, not its cessation. b. Because of the Chinese dependence on imports from abroad, the decision to end the state-sponsored expeditions was particularly critical in initiating cultural decline. c. The end of international trade signaled a general decentralization of government in Ming China. d. The cessation of trade severely damaged the internal economy of China and produced the inevitable peasant revolutions that overthrew the Ming dynasty. e. China had long emphasized internal development at the expense of trade. | a | 25 | |
| 10669698806 | Strong regional monarchies took hold in the decades around 1400 in Select one: a. the Ottoman Empire. b. Spain and Portugal. c. Germany and Austria. d. Italy and Greece. e. Russia and Poland. | b | 26 | |
| 10669698807 | In what year did the Ming dynasty halt state-sponsored commercial voyages? Select one: a. 1405 b. 1433 c. 1358 d. 1453 e. 1487 | b | 27 | |
| 10669698808 | Which of the following represents a significant difference between New Zealand and Hawaii? Select one: a. A highly stratified society b. Art based on carved wood c. A society based on warfare d. A cold and harsh climate e. Tribal military leaders | d | 28 | |
| 10669698809 | What was unique about the development of states in the Iberian peninsula? Select one: a. The states of Spain and Portugal were able to develop without emphasis on the military. b. These governments were based on city-states rather than nation-states. c. They had never participated in the feudal practices of the Middle Ages, which made them more open to change. d. Spain and Portugal developed effective new governments with a special sense of religious mission and religious support. e. Based on Castile and Aragon, the Iberian states were unique in their adoption of Islam. | d | 29 | |
| 10669698810 | What Chinese dynasty succeeded the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China? Select one: a. Qing b. Tang c. Chou d. Han e. Ming | e | 30 | |
| 10669698811 | Which of the following statements concerning the political fragmentation of the Arabic world in the 1400s is most accurate? Select one: a. Following the fall of the Abbasid caliphate, the Middle East became part of the colonial empire of the emerging feudal states of western Europe. b. After the fall of the Abbasid caliphate, the emerging Ottoman Empire soon mastered most of the lands of the old caliphate plus the Byzantine corner. c. The political fragmentation caused by the fall of Baghdad lasted for several centuries under the decentralized administration of the Seljuk Turks. d. The political system was chaotic for 300 years until the rise of a new political order under the Ottoman Turks. e. The Mongol conquests eliminated any form of centralized government in the Middle East until the 17th century. | b | 31 | |
| 10669698812 | Along with Italy, a key center for change in the 14th and 15th centuries was Select one: a. the Iberian peninsula. b. Germany. c. Austria. d. France. e. England. | a | 32 | |
| 10669698813 | What Florentine painter led the way in the movement toward nature and people as the primary subject matter of Renaissance art? Select one: a. Petrarch b. Fra Angelico c. Giotto d. Masaccio e. Boccaccio | c | 33 | |
| 10669698814 | The medieval state, which originated in the Classical Era, and whose fall in 1453 marked the end of the postclassical era was (A) the Song China. (B) the Abbasid Caliphate. (C) Kievan Rus. (D) the Byzantine Empire. (E) the Mameluk Caliphate in Egypt | d | 34 | |
| 10669698815 | What change in Islam ended the postclassical age and began a new era? (A) Islamic piety won out over rationalism and began a new era. (B) Mass conversions of Muslims to Christianity began. (C) The secularization of Islamic society began. (D) Islamic lands in central Asia and the Middle East fell to Hindu conquerors. (E) Muslims began to speak of a messiah and await his coming. | a | 35 | |
| 10669698816 | In comparison to the fall of the Roman Empire, changes in the Arab caliphate (A) had few repercussions on its inhabitants. (B) were not due to outside invasions by pastoral nomads. (C) produced prolonged economic and political confusion in the Middle East. (D) left no religious institutions to support the Islamic faith. (E) were not dramatic or sudden but occurred gradually over several centuries. | e | 36 | |
| 10669698817 | The role of the Arab caliphate in international exchange was (A) further disrupted by the rise of the Mongols. (B) not restored until the western European nations emerged as great powers. (C) restored by the rise of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East. (D) restored by the Ming Dynasty in China. (E) not restored until the 19th century when Great Britain created an empire that spanned all continents. | b | 37 | |
| 10669698818 | The Ming Chinese naval expeditions of the early 15th century (A) ended because they challenged Confucian values and typical expenditures. (B) were followed by the Chinese conquest of southeast Asia. (C) were stopped by Muslim navies in the Indian Ocean. (D) led to a renewed Chinese interest in scientific and geographic exploration. (E) stimulated trade between China and Africa. | a | 38 | |
| 10669698819 | All of these events led to the weakening or end of medieval western European institutions EXCEPT: (A) the Bubonic Plague. (B) political and theological attacks on the Roman Catholic church. (C) the rise of national monarchies. (D) the Ottoman Turk invasion of western Europe. (E) the rise of non-aristocratic armies loyal to national monarchs. | d | 39 | |
| 10669698820 | The Renaissance in Europe (A) rejected medieval values. (B) was largely a cultural and intellectual movement. (C) was a political revolution against the power of the pope. (D) was not a rebirth of classical cultures as it borrowed little from Greek, Roman, or Islamic achievements. (E) avoided challenging medieval values. | b | 40 | |
| 10669698821 | The major barrier to west European expansion prior to the 15th century was (A) the low level of European technology. (B) the lack of interest by western European rulers for acquiring territory. (C) the overwhelming power of Muslim and Mongol states. (D) religious civil wars that divided western Europe and made overseas expansion impossible. (E) the lack of popular interest and public funds to support expansion. | a | 41 | |
| 10669698822 | The first western European nation to establish an overseas empire in the 15th century was (A) the Netherlands. (B) Sweden. (C) Portugal. (D) France. (E) Spain | c | 42 | |
| 10669698823 | The first European colonial estates (A) were set up to export foodstuffs back to Europe. (B) were set up to receive excess populations and alleviate overpopulation at home. (C) were unsuccessful and failed. (D) were set up to produce cash crops like sugar to supply European markets. (E) caused very few ecological, environmental, and demographic disruptions in the Atlantic islands. | d | 43 |
