Terms : Hide Images
| 7279500058 | Agricultural Revolution | Also known as the Neolithic Revolution, this is the transformation of human (and world) existence caused by the deliberate cultivation of particular plants and the deliberate taming and breeding of particular animals. | 0 | |
| 7279500059 | Austronesian | An Asian-language family whose speakers gradually became the dominant culture of the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Pacific islands, thanks to their mastery of agriculture. | 1 | |
| 7279500060 | Banpo | A Chinese archeological site, where the remains of a significant Neolithic village have been found. | 2 | |
| 7279500061 | Bantu | An African-language family whose speakers gradually became the dominant culture of eastern and southern Africa, thanks to their agricultural techniques and, later, their ironworking skills. | 3 | |
| 7279500062 | Bantu migration | The spread of Bantu-speaking peoples from their homeland in what is now southern Nigeria or Cameroon to most of Africa, in a process that started ca. 3000 B.C.E. and continued for several millennia | 4 | |
| 7279500063 | Broad spectrum diet | Archeologists' term for the diet of gathering and hunting societies, which included a wide array of plants and animals. | 5 | |
| 7279500064 | Cahokia | An important agricultural chiefdom of North America that flourished around 1100 C.E. | 6 | |
| 7279500065 | Çatalhüyük | An important Neolithic site in what is now Turkey. | 7 | |
| 7279500066 | Chiefdom | A societal grouping governed by a chief who typically relies on generosity, ritual status, or charisma rather than force to win obedience from the people. | 8 | |
| 7279500067 | Diffusion | The gradual spread of agricultural techniques without extensive population movement. | 9 | |
| 7279500068 | Domestication | The taming and changing of nature for the benefit of humankind. | 10 | |
| 7279500069 | End of the last Ice Age | A process of global warming that began around 16,000 years ago and ended about 5,000 years later, with the earth enjoying a climate similar to that of our own time; the end of the Ice Age changed conditions for human beings, leading to increased population and helping to pave the way for agriculture. | 11 | |
| 7279500070 | Fertile Crescent | Region sometimes known as Southwest Asia that includes the modern states of Iraq, Syria, Israel/Palestine, and southern Turkey; the earliest home of agriculture. | 12 | |
| 7279500071 | Horticulture | Hoe-based agriculture, typical of early agrarian societies. | 13 | |
| 7279500072 | Intensification | The process of getting more in return for less; for example, growing more food on a smaller plot of land. | 14 | |
| 7279500073 | Jericho | Site of an important early agricultural settlement of perhaps 2,000 people in present-day Israel. | 15 | |
| 7279500074 | Mesopotamia | The valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in present-day Iraq | 16 | |
| 7279500075 | Native Australians | Often called "Aboriginals", the natives of Australia continued (and to some extent still continue) to live by gathering and hunting, despite the transition to agriculture in nearby lands. | 17 | |
| 7279500076 | Pastoral society | A human society that relies on domesticated animals rather than plants as the main source of food; pastoral nomads lead their animals to seasonal grazing grounds rather than settling permanently in a single location | 18 | |
| 7279500077 | "Secondary products revolution" | A term used to describe the series of technological changes that began ca. 4000 B.C.E., as people began to develop new uses for their domesticated animals, exploiting a revolutionary new source of power. | 19 | |
| 7279500078 | Stateless societies | Village-based agricultural societies, usually organized by kinship groups, that functioned without a formal government apparatus. | 20 | |
| 7279500079 | Teosinte | The wild ancestor of maize. (pron. tay-oh- SIN-tay) | 21 | |
| 7279500080 | Austronesian Migrations | The last phase of a great human migration that established a human presence in every habitable region on the earth. Austronesian-speaking people settled the Pacific Islands and Madagascar in a series of seaborne migrations that began around 3500 years ago. | 22 | |
| 7279500081 | Brotherhood of the Tomol | A craft guild that monopolized the building of large oceangoing canoes, or tomols among the Chumash people. | 23 | |
| 7279500082 | Chumash Culture | Paleolithic culture of southern California that survived until the modern era. | 24 | |
| 7279500083 | Clovis Culture | The earliest widespread and distinctive culture of North America; named from the Clovis point, a particular kind of projectile point. | 25 | |
| 7279500084 | Dreamtime | A complex world view of Australia's Aboriginal people that held that current humans live in a vibration or echo of ancestral happenings. | 26 | |
| 7279500086 | "gathering and hunting people" | Used to be called hunter gatherers, people who live by collecting food rather than producing it. Recent evidence shows they relied more on gathering than hunting. | 27 | |
| 7279500087 | Great Goddess | A dominant deity of the Paleolithic Era. | 28 | |
| 7279500088 | Hadza | A people of northern Tanzania, almost the last surviving Paleolithic society. | 29 | |
| 7279500089 | Human Revolution | The transition of humans from acting out of biological imperative to dependence on learned or invented ways of living. | 30 | |
| 7279500090 | Ice Age | Any of a number of cold periods in the earth's history. | 31 | |
| 7279500091 | "insulting the meat" | A San cultural practice to deflate pride that involved negative comments about the meat brought back by a hunter and the expectation that a successful hunter would disparage his own kill. | 32 | |
| 7279500092 | Jomon Culture | A settled Paleolithic culture of pre-historic Japan, characterized by seaside villages and the creation of some of the world's earliest pottery. | 33 | |
| 7279500093 | Megafaunal Extinction | Dying out of a number of large animal species, including the mammoth, that occurred around 11,000 to 10,000 years ago. May have been caused by excessive hunting or climate change. | 34 | |
| 7279500094 | Neanderthals | A European variant of Homo Sapiens that died out about 25,000 years ago. | 35 | |
| 7279500095 | n/um | Among the San, a spiritual potency that becomes activated during "curing dances" and protects humans from the negative forces of gods or ancestral spirits. | 36 | |
| 7279500096 | "the original affluent society" | Term coined in 1972 to describe the Paleolithic era, not because they had so much, but because they wanted or needed so little. | 37 | |
| 7279500097 | Paleolithic | Meaning literally "old stone age", used to describe early Homo Sapiens societies before the development of agriculture. | 38 | |
| 7279500098 | Paleolithic Rock Art | Refers generally to hundreds of cave paintings in France and Spain that depict animals and sometimes human or abstract designs. | 39 | |
| 7279500099 | Paleolithic "settling down" | The process by which some Paleolithic peoples moved toward permanent settlement in the wake of the last Ice Age. Settlement was marked by increase in storage of food and accumulation of goods as well as growing inequality in society. | 40 | |
| 7279500100 | San or Ju'/hoansi | A Paleolithic people still living on the northern fringe of the Kalahari desert in Southern Africa. | 41 | |
| 7279500101 | Shaman | In many early societies a person believed to have the ability to act as a bridge between living humans and supernatural forces, often by means of trances induced by psychoactive drugs. | 42 | |
| 7279500102 | Trance Dance | In San culture, a night long ritual held to activate a human being's inner spiritual potential (n/um) to counteract the evil influences of gods and ancestors. | 43 | |
| 7279500103 | Venus Figurines | Paleolithic carvings of the female form, often with exaggerated features which may have had religious significance. | 44 | |
| 7279503131 | flores man | a recently discovered hominid species of Indonesia | 45 |
