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| 6142336818 | Mungo Man | Remains of a male found near Mungo Lake in the southeastern Australian state of New South Wales, dated to about 40,000 B.C.E. | 0 | |
| 6142336819 | ocher | A reddish-brown iron-based pigment that ancient peoples used to color the soil and to decorate cave walls. | 1 | |
| 6142339746 | Homo sapiens sapiens | Biological term for modern human beings belonging to the genius Homo, species sapiens, and subspecies sapiens | 2 | |
| 6142339747 | hominins | Term referring to all humans and their ancestors but not to chimpanzees, gorillas, or orangutans. | 3 | |
| 6142341709 | evolution | Model proposed by Charles Darwin to explain the development of new species through genetic mutation and natural selection. | 4 | |
| 6142345257 | mitochondrial Eve | The first female ancestor shared by all living humans, who was identified by analysis of mitochondrial DNA. | 5 | |
| 6142345258 | religion | Belief system that holds that divine powers control the environment and people's futures. | 6 | |
| 6142348256 | Neanderthals | Group of premodern humans who lived between 100,000 and 25,000 B.C.E. in western Asia and Europe, eventually replaced by Homo sapiens sapiens. | 7 | |
| 6142348257 | Beringia | Landmass now submerged below water that connected the tip of Siberia with the north-eastern corner of Alaska. | 8 | |
| 6142351699 | Monte Verde, Chile | Earliest site in the Americas, where evidence of human occupation has been found dating to 12,000 B.C.E. | 9 | |
| 6142354960 | stratigraphy | Archaeological principle that, at an undisturbed site, material from upper layers must be more recent than from lower layers. | 10 | |
| 6142354961 | carbon-14 | Isotope of carbon whose presence in organic material can be used to determine the approximate age of archaeological samples. | 11 | |
| 6142358778 | Clovis technological complex | The characteristic stone spear points that were in use around 11,000 B.C.E. across much of modern-day America. | 12 | |
| 6142360372 | agriculture | The planting of seeds and harvesting of crops using domesticated animals. | 13 | |
| 6142363035 | Neolithic | "New Stone Age," the archaeological term for societies that used stone tools and practiced agriculture. | 14 | |
| 6142363036 | Natufians | The first people to cultivate crops and domesticate animals, ca. 9400 B.C.E., who lived in Palestine and southern Syria. | 15 | |
| 6142366279 | Jericho | The first walled settlement, built between 8300 and 7500 B.C.E. with a population of around one thousand people. | 16 | |
| 6142369858 | Catalhoyuk | The world's largest earl settlement, with a population of 5,000 in 6000 B.C.E., located in modern Turkey. | 17 |
