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| 5877170863 | Zheng He | Chinese Muslim admiral who commanded series of Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea trade expeditions under third Ming emperor, Yunglo, between 1405 and 1455. | 0 | |
| 5877190136 | Castile | Along with Aragon, a regional kingdom of the Iberian peninsula; pressed reconquest of peninsula from Muslims; developed a vigorous military and religious agenda. | 1 | |
| 5877224909 | Aragon | Along with Castile, a religious kingdom of the Iberian peninsula; pressed reconquest of peninsula from Muslims; developed a vigorous military and religious agenda. | 2 | |
| 5877232397 | Vivaldis | Two Genoese brothers who attempted to find a Western route to the "Indies"; disappeared in 1291; precursors of thrust into southern Atlantic. | 3 | |
| 5877245852 | Renaissance | Cultural and political movement in western Europe; began in Italy c. 1400 rested on urban vitality and expanded commerce; featured a literature and art with distinctly more secular priorities than those of middle ages. | 4 | |
| 5877263498 | Henry the Navigator | Portuguese prince responsible for direction of series of expeditions along the African coast in the 15th century; marked beginning of western European expansion. | 5 |
