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| 2759226758 | Ziggurats | Mesopotamian temples; distinctive stepped pyramids that housed temples and altars to the principal local deity Ex. In Uruk 3200 BCE in honor of fertility goddess Inanna | 0 | |
| 2759230019 | Cuneiform | Written language of the Samarian's; probably the first written script in the world; "wedge shaped"; Started to develop in 2900 B.C.E. | 1 | |
| 2759233054 | Epic of Gilgamesh | Worlds oldest complete epic literary masterpiece; about legendary king of Uruk (3000 BCE); recounted experiences of Gilgamesh and Enkidu , Explored themes of friendship, relations between humans and gods, and the meaning of life and death | 2 | |
| 2759236359 | Lex Talionis | " law of retaliation" laws in which offenders suffered punishments similar to their crimes; the most famous example is Hammurabi's laws; also in Hebrew law | 3 | |
| 2759237714 | Samarian's | Earliest Mesopotamian society BCE TIMELINE 5000- irrigation 4000- first cities 3500- wheels 3000- 100 k pop; kings; wheeled carts 3200- ziggurat in Uruk 2500- city states 2300- water travel 3200-2350 cities dominated | 4 | |
| 2759250144 | Assyrians | Southwest Asian people who built an empire that reached its height during the eighth and seventh centuries B.C.E.; known for a powerful army and a well structured state BCE TIMELINE: 1300- spread 722- conquered N Israel 612- empire fell 586- conquered Judah, destroyed Jerusalem | 5 | |
| 2759259228 | Phoenicians | A maritime civilization of the Mediterranean that developed extensive trade and communication networks as well as an early alphabetical script (1500 BCE) 1200-800 BCE Dom. Mediterranean trade | 6 | |
| 2759261194 | Hittites | Group of people that settled in central Anatolia around 2000 B.C.E., established powerful kingdoms, concord the Babylonian empire in 1595 B.C.E., and dissolves about 1200 B.C.E. Tech feats: Iron metallurgy, light horse drawn chariots | 7 | |
| 2759263703 | Hebrew | Semitic speaking nomadic tribe influential for monotheistic belief in Yahweh; speakers of Hebrew Lang; ancestors of Israelites and Jews | 8 | |
| 2759267881 | Monotheism | Belief in only one God; a rare concept in the ancient world | 9 | |
| 2759268299 | Polytheism | Belief in more than one God; common in ancient world | 10 |
