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| 327960335 | Louisiana Purchase | The U.S., under President Thomas Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million for the Louisiana Purchase, and Napoleon gave up his empire in North America. The U.S. gained control of Mississippi trade route and doubled its size. | |
| 327960336 | Lewis and Clark | Sent on an expedition by Jefferson to gather information on the United States' new land and map a route to the Pacific. They kept very careful maps and records of this new land acquired from the Louisiana Purchase. | |
| 327960337 | War of 1812 | A war between the U.S. and Great Britain caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British, the British seizure of American ships, and British aid to the Indians attacking the Americans on the western frontier. Also, a war against Britain gave the U.S. an excuse to seize the British northwest posts and to annex Florida from Britain's ally Spain, and possibly even to seize Canada from Britain. The War Hawks (young westerners led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun) argued for war in Congress. The war involved several sea battles and frontier skirmishes. U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson seized Florida and at one point the British managed to invade and burn Washington, D.C. The Treaty of Ghent (December 1814) restored the status quo and required the U.S. to give back Florida. Two weeks later, Andrew Jackson's troops defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans, not knowing that a peace treaty had already been signed. The war strengthened American nationalism and encouraged the growth of industry. | |
| 327960338 | Juan Manuel de Rosas | Conservative Argentine politician who governed the Buenos Aires Province from 1829 to 1852. Rosas was one of the first famous caudillos in Ibero-America and through his rule united Argentina, provided an efficient government and strengthened the economy. Dictator de Mexico, Federalist leader in Buenos Aires; took power in 1831; commanded loyalty of gauchos; restored local autonomy. | |
| 327960339 | Gauchos | Bands of mounted rural workers in the region of the Rio de la Plata; aided local caudillos in splitting apart the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata after 1816. Cowboys | |
| 327960340 | Trail of Tears | The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled from North Carolina and Georgia through Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas-more than 800 miles (1,287 km)-to the Indian Territory. More than 4,000 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey. | |
| 327960341 | Mexican American War | 1846 - 1848 - President Polk declared war on Mexico over the dispute of land in Texas. At the end, American ended up with 55% of Mexico's land., after Mexican refusal to sell California-New Mexico region, Polk sent troops and it ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | |
| 327960342 | Seneca Falls Convention | Took place in upperstate New York in 1848. Women of all ages and even some men went to discuss the rights and conditions of women. There, they wrote the Declaration of Sentiments, which among other things, tried to get women the right to vote., Kicked off the equal-rights-for-women campaign led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony (1848) | |
| 327960343 | California Gold Rush | 1848 gold was discovered by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill, in Coloma, California. News of the discovery soon spread, resulting in some 300,000 men, women, and children coming to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. These early gold-seekers, called "forty-niners," traveled to California by sailing boat and in covered wagons across the continent, often facing substantial hardships on the trip. San Francisco grew from a small settlement to a boomtown, and roads, churches, schools and other towns were built throughout California. A system of laws and a government were created, leading to the admission of California as a state in 1850 | |
| 327960344 | La Reforma | 1855, Benito Juarez and other liberals open an era; offered hope to oppressed people of Mexico, revised the Mexican constitution to strip military power and end Church privileges; unleashed a civil war, but was still elected president in 1861 | |
| 327960345 | US Civil War | Sectional conflicts that deepened over decades first led to this war over unification of the US and then over slavery. The Emancipation Proclamation(1863) helps the north win the war.Solidifies the process of nation-building the US, 1861-1865; a war between the Northern and Southern states of America after Lincoln was elected president and the South seceded and became the Confederacy in order to keep slavery legal; president wanted to restore the Union and abolish slavery. | |
| 327960346 | Dominion of Canada | Canadian nation established by British parliament; had its own constitution, possessed a parliamentary system and ruled itself, although foreign affairs still remained under the control of the British government | |
| 327960347 | Battle of Little Big Horn | Sioux leader sitting bull led the fight against general George Custer and the 7th cavalry. The Sioux wanted miners out of the black hills, and had appealed to government officials in Washington to stop the miners. Washington doesn't listen. When custer came to little bighorn rivers sitting bull and his warriors were ready and killed them all! | |
| 327960348 | Portfirio Diaz | dictator of mexico for 35 years welcomed foreign investors | |
| 327960349 | Northwest Rebellion | Continuing the struggles of the Red River Rebellion, the Northwest Rebellion pitted the métis and native populations against the predominantly Anglican government. The rebellion resulted in the conquering of Western Canada and subjugation of native peoples in British Columbia., In 1885 Louis Riel organized a military force of metis and native peoples in the Saskatchewan river country and led an insurrection known as the Northwest Rebellion. Canadian forces quickly subdued the makeshift army, and government authorities executed Riel for treason. | |
| 327960350 | Massacre at Wounded Knee | Slaughtering of 200+ Sioux at Wounded Knee creek after a shot was fired during the disarming process of the Sioux; Sitting Bull arrested and killed during arrest for resisting; caused by misunderstanding of Ghost Dance, believed it was Sioux preparing for battle ("Indians are dancing in the snow and are wild and crazy. . . . We need protection..."); last large event of violence for Indian wars. | |
| 327960351 | Mexican Revolution | The Mexican Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist and agrarianist movements, and culminated in the Mexican Constitution of 1917 Led by Fransico Madero |
