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AP World History chapter 38 Flashcards

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395334399Partition of Germanyafter German lost WWII, to prevent a repeat of what happened with the Treaty of Versailles, Allies split up Germany under different controls0
395334400United Nationsinternational organization of the worlds' countries trying to achieve world peace1
395334401Berlin Blockadeone of the first major international crises of the Cold War; multinational occupation of Germany post WWII; Soviet Union blocked the Allies' railway, road and canal access to the sectors of Berlin, trying force the western powers to let Soviet zone to start supplying Berlin with food, fuel, giving the Soviets practical control over city2
395334402Marshall PlanU.S. help of European countries post WWII to help prevent spread of communism3
395334403Sen. McCarthyRepublican Senator who was censured because of claims of communist spies within U.S.4
395334404George Kennan/containment"father of containment"; tried to prevent spread of communism5
395334405Mao's Cultural Revolutionin Republic of China; Mao tried to remove capitalism and enforce socialism6
395334406MAD (mutually assured destruction)50's & 60's U.S. foreign policy of telling any potential enemies not to attack or we will NUKE you7
395334407Domino Theoryif one of the surrounding areas fell to communism so would all of the other lands near it8
395334408The Suez Crisis"Tripartite Aggression"; Britain, France, Israel vs. Egypt for control of Egypt9
395334409Perestroikarestructuring of Communist Party of Soviet Union of political and economic systems10
395334410Bay of PigsU.S. and Cuban exiles trying to overthrow Fidel Castro and the Cuban government (unsuccessful)11
395334411Nikita KhrushchevStalin's successor, wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev, France and Great Britain in Geneva, Switzerland in July, 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.12
395334412Fall of USSRend of Cold War; left 15 republics of Soviet Union; end of World's Largest Communist state13
395334413Afghanistan invasion- 1979nine-year war Soviet Union supporting Marxist communism in Afghanistan14
395334414Sino-Soviet SplitMaoism vs. Marxism; China vs. Russia; communism15
395334415Cuban Missle Crisis(1961) Crises that developed as a result of Cuban dictator Fidel Castro's decision to allow the Soviet Union to base nuclear missiles in Cuba. Upon discovery, the United States confronted the Soviet Union and demanded the missiles be removed. For nearly two weeks, nuclear war was imminent. Fortunately, diplomacy succeeded and crisis was averted.16
395334416Korean WarKorea vs. U.S. because of political division in Korea17
395334417Brezhnev DoctrineSoviet Union foreign policy saying that if one country is being denied socialism, it is a concern for all of the socialist countries18
395334418DĂ©tenterelaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China19
395334419Gorbachevhead of state of Soviet Union until dissolution; only general secretary in history of Soviet Union under communist rule20
395334420GlasnostPolicy of openness initiated by Gorbachev in the 1980s that provided increased opportunities for freedom of speech, association and the press in the Soviet Union.21
395334421Division of Eastern Europediving of Eastern Europe after WWII to prevent incident following the Treaty of Versailles with Germany22
395334422"Iron Curtain" SpeechWinston Churchill--an iron curtain had descended across East and West Europe, separating Western democracies from Eastern, Communist countries23
395334423Truman DoctrineU.S. economic and military help towards Greece and Turkey to prevent them falling into the "Soviet Sphere"24
395334424NATO vs. Warsaw PactNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization vs. communist states during Cold War25
395334425Sputnikfirst artificial satellite to be put into Earths' orbit by the Soviet Union26
395334426Mao's Great Leap Forwardrapid industrialization and collectivization to move China from an agrarian country to a communist one27
395334427Nixon's Trip to Chinaended 25 years of separation between Republic of China and U.S.28
395334428The Third Worldterm given to countries that remained neutral and un-aligned during the Cold War29
395334429Soviet Invasion into Hungaryrevolt led by students against Soviet policies in Budapest30
395334430Fidel Castroled the revolution of Cuba and took control of Cuba in 1959; resented past dictators; made Cuba communist31
395334431Berlin WallA fortified wall surrounding West Berlin, Germany, built in 1961 to prevent East German citizens from traveling to the West. Its demolition in 1989 symbolized the end of the Cold War. This wall was both a deterrent to individuals trying to escape and a symbol of repression to the free world.32
395334432Marshall Josep Titounifying dictator of Yugoslavia33
395334433Prague Spring (invasion of Czech)political liberalization of Czechoslovakia run by the Soviet Union after WWII34
395334434Vietnam Conflictfall of Saigon; followed First Indochina War; North Vietnam supported by communist allies vs. government of South Vietnam, supported by the U.S. and other anti-communist countries35

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