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AP World History chapter 38 Flashcards

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6664124001Partition of Germanyafter German lost WWII, to prevent a repeat of what happened with the Treaty of Versailles, Allies split up Germany under different controls0
6664124002United Nationsinternational organization of the worlds' countries trying to achieve world peace1
6664124003Berlin Blockadeone of the first major international crises of the Cold War; multinational occupation of Germany post WWII; Soviet Union blocked the Allies' railway, road and canal access to the sectors of Berlin, trying force the western powers to let Soviet zone to start supplying Berlin with food, fuel, giving the Soviets practical control over city2
6664124004Marshall PlanU.S. help of European countries post WWII to help prevent spread of communism3
6664124005Sen. McCarthyRepublican Senator who was censured because of claims of communist spies within U.S.4
6664124006George Kennan/containment"father of containment"; tried to prevent spread of communism5
6664124007Mao's Cultural Revolutionin Republic of China; Mao tried to remove capitalism and enforce socialism6
6664124008MAD (mutually assured destruction)50's & 60's U.S. foreign policy of telling any potential enemies not to attack or we will NUKE you7
6664124009Domino Theoryif one of the surrounding areas fell to communism so would all of the other lands near it8
6664124010The Suez Crisis"Tripartite Aggression"; Britain, France, Israel vs. Egypt for control of Egypt9
6664124011Perestroikarestructuring of Communist Party of Soviet Union of political and economic systems10
6664124012Bay of PigsU.S. and Cuban exiles trying to overthrow Fidel Castro and the Cuban government (unsuccessful)11
6664124013Nikita KhrushchevStalin's successor, wanted peaceful coexistence with the U.S. Eisenhower agreed to a summit conference with Khrushchev, France and Great Britain in Geneva, Switzerland in July, 1955 to discuss how peaceful coexistence could be achieved.12
6664124014Fall of USSRend of Cold War; left 15 republics of Soviet Union; end of World's Largest Communist state13
6664124015Afghanistan invasion- 1979nine-year war Soviet Union supporting Marxist communism in Afghanistan14
6664124016Sino-Soviet SplitMaoism vs. Marxism; China vs. Russia; communism15
6664124017Cuban Missle Crisis(1961) Crises that developed as a result of Cuban dictator Fidel Castro's decision to allow the Soviet Union to base nuclear missiles in Cuba. Upon discovery, the United States confronted the Soviet Union and demanded the missiles be removed. For nearly two weeks, nuclear war was imminent. Fortunately, diplomacy succeeded and crisis was averted.16
6664124018Korean WarKorea vs. U.S. because of political division in Korea17
6664124019Brezhnev DoctrineSoviet Union foreign policy saying that if one country is being denied socialism, it is a concern for all of the socialist countries18
6664124020Détenterelaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China19
6664124021Gorbachevhead of state of Soviet Union until dissolution; only general secretary in history of Soviet Union under communist rule20
6664124022GlasnostPolicy of openness initiated by Gorbachev in the 1980s that provided increased opportunities for freedom of speech, association and the press in the Soviet Union.21
6664124023Division of Eastern Europediving of Eastern Europe after WWII to prevent incident following the Treaty of Versailles with Germany22
6664124024"Iron Curtain" SpeechWinston Churchill--an iron curtain had descended across East and West Europe, separating Western democracies from Eastern, Communist countries23
6664124025Truman DoctrineU.S. economic and military help towards Greece and Turkey to prevent them falling into the "Soviet Sphere"24
6664124026NATO vs. Warsaw PactNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization vs. communist states during Cold War25
6664124027Sputnikfirst artificial satellite to be put into Earths' orbit by the Soviet Union26
6664124028Mao's Great Leap Forwardrapid industrialization and collectivization to move China from an agrarian country to a communist one27
6664124029Nixon's Trip to Chinaended 25 years of separation between Republic of China and U.S.28
6664124030The Third Worldterm given to countries that remained neutral and un-aligned during the Cold War29
6664124031Soviet Invasion into Hungaryrevolt led by students against Soviet policies in Budapest30
6664124032Fidel Castroled the revolution of Cuba and took control of Cuba in 1959; resented past dictators; made Cuba communist31
6664124033Berlin WallA fortified wall surrounding West Berlin, Germany, built in 1961 to prevent East German citizens from traveling to the West. Its demolition in 1989 symbolized the end of the Cold War. This wall was both a deterrent to individuals trying to escape and a symbol of repression to the free world.32
6664124034Marshall Josep Titounifying dictator of Yugoslavia33
6664124035Prague Spring (invasion of Czech)political liberalization of Czechoslovakia run by the Soviet Union after WWII34
6664124036Vietnam Conflictfall of Saigon; followed First Indochina War; North Vietnam supported by communist allies vs. government of South Vietnam, supported by the U.S. and other anti-communist countries35

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