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| 6612220472 | descamisados | "shirtless ones", the poor people from argentina who formed the core of Juan Peron's supporters and who his wife constantly ministered to the needs of | 0 | |
| 6612224699 | apartheid | institutionalized racism, a harsh set of laws made by the white government in South Africa, these laws were designed to control the resistive black population, "separateness", this system/these laws asserted white supremacy and racial segregation, along with this the minority whites were given 87% of the countries territory while they classified and separated the blacks | 1 | |
| 6612238520 | freedom charter | a document published by the ANC, african national congress, that proclaimed their ideal multiracial democratic rule for South Africa, this caused the ANC and all black activists to face severe repression bc of it challenge to white rule | 2 | |
| 6612249665 | sharpeville massacre | march 21, 1960 near johannesberg, 69 blacks died and 200 more were injured after white police gunned down black demonstrators, this even initiated a new era of radical activism | 3 | |
| 6612256888 | iran-iraq war | during the iranian revolution in the 1980s iraq had built up an army and under the leadership of Saddam Hussein decided to invade iran taking advantage of its preoccupation with their civil war, the war killed 1+ million soldiers, and human devastation is still visible today, the war lasted for eight years | 4 | |
| 6612269175 | gulf war | another war involving iraq, 2 years after the iran-iraq war, initiated by hussein and his troops | 5 | |
| 6612272507 | great leap forward | a chinese program created by mao zedong as a way to industrialize china and industrialized their nation further than the most industrialized countries in the world, he also collectivized farms and land, abolished private ownership, farming and industry became rural and communal, this program was a huge failure, often called the "giant step back"; peasants weren't able to meet production quotas, created one of the largest famines in history with 20 million chinese dead of starvation and malnutrition | 6 | |
| 6612289308 | great proletarian cultural revolution | another one of mao's programs attempted to mobilize the chinese and reignite revolutionary spirit, designed to root out revisionism , subjected millions to humiliation, persecution, and death, intellectuals, teachers, professionals, managers, and foreigners were major targets | 7 | |
| 6612562099 | tiananmen square | a pro-democracy demonstration held in beijing, led by students exposed to democracy and western societies, the protests ended up bloody after emperor deng worked to crush the movement | 8 | |
| 6612571201 | Juan peron | a former colonel in the argentinian army, he was a nationalistic militarist who gained immense popularity in argentina and was elected president, he called for industrialization, supported the working class, and wanted to protect the economy from foreign control | 9 | |
| 6612572106 | eva peron | juan peron's wife, "evita", she helped to foster the popularity of her husband, she rose through the ranks of society from being born as an illegitimate child, moved to buenos aires, and married peron, she was transformed into an elegant political leader who advocated for and helped the poorest of the poor | 10 | |
| 6612572991 | jawaharlal nehru | gandhi's right hand man, he worked to gain self rule for india | 11 | |
| 6612573880 | nelson mandela | one of south africa's young political leaders, he inspired direct action campaigns to protest the apartheid, he was arrested for his actions towards the white south african government, he became a symbol of white oppressive rule | 12 | |
| 6612579415 | f.w. de klerk | the south african president who dismantled the apartheid system with the help of the National Party, he released mandela from jail, and worked to negotiate the end of white minority rule | 13 | |
| 6612579416 | mobutu sese seko | the man who replaced patrice lummumba in the congo, he was supported by the US and other european democracies, he ruled as a dictator, funneling money to himself and his family, | 14 | |
| 6612580614 | patrice lummumba | the man who gained independence for the congo, he became the congo's first prime minister, he was killed by mobutu in a military coup | 15 | |
| 6612581534 | anwar sadat | replaced nasser as president of egypt, he was the mastermind behind the yom kippur surprise attack on israel, but he also facilitated the peace process that followed, he ended his nation's friendship with the soviet union, and he worked to sign peace treaties with israel | 16 | |
| 6612581535 | yasser arafat | he led the PLO which was the political organization that served as a government in exile for palestinians displaced from israel and wanted to promote palestinian rights, moved to end violence between israelis and palestinians | 17 | |
| 6612583482 | yitzhak rabin | the israeli prime minister who signed peace treaties with yasser arafat, these treaties advanced the notion of limited palestinian self rule in israeli occupied territories, he was assassinated by a jewish extremist in 1995 | 18 | |
| 6612584643 | ayatollah ruhollah khomeini | captured power in iran during the revolution when the former shah fled the country, he wrote a constitution for iran and named himself supreme ruler | 19 | |
| 6612584644 | saddam hussein | became president of iraq in 1979, he built iraq into a military machine using money made from oil revenues, he launched an attack on iran during the iranian revolution hoping to have an easy victory, a pan-arab nationalist, he also invaded kuwait and started the gulf war, he was captured by the US in 2003, tried on an international court, and executed in 2006 | 20 | |
| 6612590917 | deng xiaoping | succeeded mao zedong as the leader of communist china, he suffered during the cultural revolution, came to power in 1981, he brought china into the international financial and trading system, normalized relations between the US and china, he opened the national to capitalist and foreign influences, he send tens of thousands of students to foreign universities to help modernize china, he essentially made china more capitalist and involved in the world economy | 21 | |
| 6612595761 | indira gandhi | became the leader of the congress party in India in 1966, and served as indian prime minister from 1966-1977 and from 1980-1984, embarked indian on the green revolution to increase agricultural yields, she also had to deal with overpopulation and ethnic conflicts, she tried to force involuntary sterilization in order to reduce india's natural growth rate, a huge disaster they kicked her out of office, when she was placed back in office she had to deal with an issue involving the sikhs; they wanted greater autonomy in a certain region of india, she suppressed this movement and was assassinated by her sikh bodyguards | 22 |
