Terms : Hide Images
| 168245544 | Buddha | Creator of major Indian and Asian religion; born in the 6th century BCE as son of local ruler among Aryan tribes located near Himalayas; became an ascetic; found enlightenment under bo tree; taught that enlightenment could be achieved only by abandoning desires for earthly things | 0 | |
| 168245545 | Himalayas | Mountain region marking the northern border of the Indian subcontinent; site of the Aryan settlements that formed small kingdoms or warrior republics | 1 | |
| 168245546 | Monsoon | seasonal winds crossing Indian subcontinent and southeast Asia; during summer, bring rains | 2 | |
| 168245547 | Alexander the Great | Successor of Philip II; successfully conquered Persian Empire prior to his death in 323 BCE; attempted to combine Greek and Persian cultures | 3 | |
| 168245548 | Aryan | Indo-European nomadic pastoralists who replaced Harappan civilization; militarized society | 4 | |
| 168245549 | Sanskrit | The sacred and classical Indian language | 5 | |
| 168245550 | Vedas | Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century B.C.E. | 6 | |
| 168257506 | Ramayana | One of the great epic tales from classical India; traces adventures of King Rama and his wife, Sita; written 4th to 2nd centuries B.C.E. | 7 | |
| 168257507 | Varnas | Clusters of caste groups in Aryan society; four social castes - Brahmans (priests), warriors, merchants, and peasants; beneath the 4 Aryan castes was a group of socially untouchable dasas | 8 | |
| 168257508 | Untouchables | Low social class in Hindu culture; performed tasts that were considered poluting- street sweeping, removal of human waste, and tanning. | 9 | |
| 168257509 | Indra | Chief deity of the Aryans; depicted as a colossal, hard drinking warrior | 10 | |
| 168257510 | Chandragupta Maurya | Founder of Maurya dynasty; established first empire in Indian subcontinent; first centralized government since Harappan civilization | 11 | |
| 168257511 | Mauryas | Dynasty established in Indian subcontinent in 4th century BCE following invasion by Alexander the Great | 12 | |
| 168257512 | Ashoka | Grandson of Chandragupta Maurya; completed conquests of Indian subcontinent; converted to Buddhism and sponsored spread of new religion throughout his empire | 13 | |
| 168257513 | Dharma | The caste position and career determined by a person's birth; Hindu culture required that one accept one's social position and perform occupation to the best of one's ability in order to have a better situation in the next life | 14 | |
| 168257514 | Kush | An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 100 B.C.E.; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries. | 15 | |
| 168257515 | Guptas | dynasty the succeeded the Kushans in the 3rd century CE; built empire that extended to all but the southern regions of Indian subcontinent; less centralized than Mauryan Empire | 16 | |
| 168257516 | Kautilya | Political advisor to Chandragupta Maurya; one of the authors of Arthashastra; believed in scientific application of warfare. | 17 | |
| 168257517 | Gurus | Originally referred to as Brahmans who served as teachers for the princes of the imperial court of the Guptas | 18 | |
| 168257518 | Vishnu | The Brahman, later Hindu, god of sacrifice; widely worshipped | 19 | |
| 168257519 | Shiva | Hindu, god of destuction and reproduction; worshipped as the personification of cosmic forces of change | 20 | |
| 168257520 | Reincarnation | The successive attachment of the soul to some animate form according to merits earned in previous lives. | 21 | |
| 168257521 | Kamasutra | Written by Vatsayana during Gupta era; offered instructions on all aspects of life for higher caste males, including grooming, hygiene, etiquette, selection of wives, and instruction on lovemaking | 22 | |
| 168257522 | Stupas | Stone shrines built to house pieces of bone and personal possessions said to be relics of the Buddha; preserved Buddhist architectural forms. | 23 |
