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AP World History Chapter 3 Flashcards

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10508403463Minoan Civilization:A civilization in an island on the northern coast of the eastern Mediterranean sea0
10508406593KnossosCity on Crete built by Minoans, was the wealthiest city in Aegean for a while1
10508409473Mycenean CivilizationOn mainland of Greece, contained artifacts revealing Minoan cultural influences2
10508411915PoleisCity states3
10508411916MonarchyA king ruled the state4
10508413339OligarchyA few wealthy landowners and merchants ruled5
10508414431AristocracyNobles Ruled6
10508415583AthensOne of the most powerful poles, remembered for its political and intellectual achievements7
10508417400SpartaOne of the most powerful poleis, organized around producing a powerful military8
10508419782Solon:a reform-minded Aristocrat who lived in the sixth century BC, became known as a wise ruler who improved life in Athens9
10508422233Democracy:all citizens could participate, Athens turned to democracy (representative and direct)10
10508424672Representative DemocracyCitizens elect leaders to represent them and give those leaders powers to make laws & govern11
10508427892PericlesRuled in Athens during the Golden age, a temple was rebuilt and he made reforms to government12
10508429579Iliad:A poem, composed by the Greek poet Homer in the 9th bc13
10508431463Odyssey:A poem, imposed by the Greek poet Homer in the 9th century BC14
10508433423SocratesCame up with the Socratic Method, was put to death by the Athenian Government for question the state religion15
10508436027Plato:A student of socrates, kept ideas of socrates and passed them on16
10508438032AristotleOne of Plato's students, famous Athenian philosopher. Strong ideas about ethics17
10508440550SyncreticCombining ideas from different sources18
10508441750EuripidesGreek playwright who wrote tragedies19
10508443996Sophocles:A greek playwright20
10508445595Aeschylus:A greek playwright who wrote tragedies21
10508445596Greek coloniesEigth century BC, Greek city states began establishing colonies around the Mediterranean22
10508449656Persian empire559 BC, Cyrus the Great ruled Persia and conquered from West of Turkey to the borders of India23
10508453751Cyrus the GreatRuled from 559 to 529 BC, him and his son started the First Persian Empire. He founded the Persian empire24
10508461922Darius 1Followed Cyrus the Great, ruled 522 to 486 BC, Persia divided lands into provinces so that the King's policies could be administered all throughout the empire. He took it to the next level and turned it into a true empire25
10508469160SatrapRulers of the provinces who were responsible to the emperor, not to the local leaders26
10508474263The Eyes and Ears of the KingInspectors who traveled to each province and reported to the King on the behavior of the Satraps27
10508536948PersepolisCapital city of Persia, celebrated with impressive. royal palace and celebrating artistic traditions of several groups within the empire28
10508539913The Royal Road:Most famous of the network of roads built to encourage trade in the Persian empire29
10508543246Caravanserai:Combination of inns and markets for people traveling the Royal Road by camel caravan30
10508547322Xerxes:Built a Gate of all nations to show he was honoring all subjects (he honored cultural and religious diversity)31
10508551125HelenisticCombination of Greek and Persian ideas32
10508551126Zarathustra660-583 B.C, Persian prophet who began to teach Zoroastrianism33
10508553806ZoroastrianismBased on the belief in only one god, Ahura Mazda, or the "wise lord"34
10508554869MagiPriests who passed Zanathustra's teachings orally from generation to generation35
10508557002Avestas;Collection of written texts based on Zarathustra's beliefs, spreading the religion36
10508559967Qanatunderground canals used to reduce the evaporation of the water as it traveled to the fields37
10508561829Persian WarsConquered Greek areas rebelled in campaigns known as the Persian wars38
10508564535Delian leagueFormed by Athenians and their allies after Persians captured and burned Athens39
10508567713Peloponnesian WarSparta revolted against Athens because Athens expected them to pay taxes after the war, 431 to 404 BC40
10508572660Phillip IIAre in Macedonia, resolved to conquer and unite the Greek city-states and then conquer Asia Minor41
10508575210Alexander the GreatSon of Phillip II, made conquests, spreading Greek culture, language, and philosophy. Died in 323 BC42
10508579332SeleucidsGreek-influenced lands were divided into Seleucids in Asia, 305 to 83 BC43
10508586450PtolemiesGreek-influenced lands were divided into Ptolemies in Egypt44
10508598310AchaemenidCyrus, Darius, and Xerxes45
10508598311ParthiansOriginally nomadic peoples from Central Asia, ruled what is now Iraq beginning in 247 BC. Satrap system of governing46
10508602554Sassanid224-651 AD, government promoted Zoroastrianism and persecuted Christians47
10508635216Where was Sparta Located?Peloponnesus peninsula (southern Greece)48
10508638489Describe the society of SpartaMilitaristic society to control our people, all of life revolved around the army.49
10508643284Political system of SpartaRuled by 2 king, an assembly, and a council of elders.50
10508645928Culture of SpartaThey were behind other city-states in other areas of expertise (culturally and economically). They didn't like change and outside influence51
10508651355Where was Athens located?Attica Peninsula, northeast of Peloponnesus.52
10508656917Political system of AthensDemocracy, only citizens could participate in gov and about 20 percent of the population were citizens. Citizens were equal and had freedom of speech53

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