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AP World History Chapter 4 Flashcards

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4941588975Our understanding of Harappan society depends entirely on:Archeological discoveries of Harappan physical remains above the water table.0
4941588976The inhabitants of Harappan society enjoyed a rich variety in their diet. Their food includedWheat, barley, chicken, cattle, sheep, and goats.1
4941588977In the sites of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, archeologists have found a high degree of standardization of weights, measures, architectural styles, and even brick sizes. Such standardization may suggest thatThere might have been a central authority powerful enough to reach all corners of society.2
4941588978Archaeologists claim that there were sharp social distinctions in Harappan society, which can be illustrated by the peopleHouses, ovens, and wells.3
4941588979Harappan religion reflected a strong concern for fertility. We know this becauseOf the similarities between the images of Harappan deities and the images of Hindu fertility deities.4
4941588980By about 1700 B.C.E., the residents of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro began to abandon their cities becauseDeforestation of the Indus River valley brought about ecological degradation.5
4941588981The AryansForcibly drove the Harappans out of their cities. Came suddenly, in a massive migration. entered the Indus valley at the height of the Harappan society. Refused to intermingle with the Dravidians.6
4941588982The Indo-Europeans who migrated to the Indian subcontinentWere primarily herders. Utilized horses for transportation. Judged wealth by the number of cattle. Called themselves Aryans.7
4941588983The period of Indian history from 1500 to 500 B.C.E. is called the Vedic age. It is so called becauseThe four earliest religious texts were compiled in this period.8
4941588984The Aryans' term for their four original castes wasVarnas.9
4941588985The Indian caste systemWas a central institution that served to promote social stability10
4941588986One of the hymns in the Rig Veda offered a brief account of the origins of the four varnas (castes). It was said thatThe gods created the castes during the early days of the world so that Brahmins and Kshatriyas would lead their societies.11
4941588987Which of the following is evidence of the subordination of women to men in Aryan society?Patrilineal descent The Law book of Manu The practice of sati The fact that women had no responsibilities for religious rituals12
4941588988Aryan religion during the early Vedic age was relatively unconcerned with ethics, but concerned itself more withRitual sacrifices and the god of war.13
4941588989The Upanishads can be best characterized asThe blending of Aryan and Dravidian values.14
4941588990According to the teachings of the Upanishads, the highest goal of the individual soul wasTo attain the state of moksha.15
4941588991According to the Upanishads,Each person is part of a larger cosmic order. The highest goal of the individual is to escape the cycle of birth and rebirth. Individuals who live virtuous lives and do their duty can expect rebirth into a purer form. Ascetics and meditation are vehicles for escaping the cycle of birth and rebirth.16
4941588992According to the Rig Veda,The world was created when the gods sacrificed Purusha.17
4941588993According to the teachings of the Upanishads, an individual shouldObserve high ethical standards like honesty, self-control, and charity.18
4941588994Believers in the UpanishadsOften are vegetarians. Believe you should respect all living things, even animals and insects. Believe that animals might be holding incarnations of unfortunate souls. Believe humans should have compassion for the suffering of the souls in animals.19

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