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| 7515183335 | Legalism | Excessive adherence to law or formula: Dependence on moral law rather than on personal religious faith. | 0 | |
| 7515184758 | Ban Zhao | First known female Chinese historian. She completed her brother Ban Gu's work on the history of the Western Han, the Book of Han. She also wrote Lessons for Women, an influential work on women's conduct. | 1 | |
| 7515195330 | Vedas | The most ancient Hindu scriptures, written in early Sanskrit and containing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion. Believed to have been directly revealed to seers among the early Aryans in India, and preserved by oral tradition, the four chief collections are the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda. | 2 | |
| 7515202425 | Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) | Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title of Buddha, was an ascetic and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. | 3 | |
| 7515207203 | Theravada/Mahayana | Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism share the same core beliefs and devotion to the life and teaching of Buddha, but they do have some differences. Theravada Buddhism is associated with South East Asia and is perhaps closer to the original Indian form of Buddhism. | 4 | |
| 7515244844 | Bhagavad Gita | The Bhagavad Gita is an ancient Indian text that became an important work of Hindu tradition in terms of both literature and philosophy. The earliest translations of this work from Sanskrit into English were made around 1795 CE by Sir Charles Wilkins. The name Bhagavad Gita means "the song of the Lord". | 5 | |
| 7515244845 | Judaism | the monotheistic religion of the Jews. | 6 | |
| 7515254622 | Socrates, Plato, Aristotle | Greek philosopher. As represented in the writings of his disciple Plato, he engaged in dialogue with others in an attempt to define ethical concepts by exposing and dispelling error (the Socratic method). Plato was a student of Socrates and later became the teacher of Aristotle. He founded a school in Athens called the Academy. Most of his writings are dialogues. He is best known for his theory that ideal Forms or Ideas, such as Truth or the Good, exist in a realm beyond the material world. Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, making contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, agriculture, medicine, dance and theatre. He was a student of Plato who in turn studied under Socrates. | 7 | |
| 7515260160 | Saint Paul | Saint Paul, the Apostle. Saint Paul, the Apostle, original name Saul of Tarsus (born 4 bc?, Tarsus in Cilicia [now in Turkey]—died c. ad 62-64, Rome [Italy]), one of the leaders of the first generation of Christians, often considered to be the second most important person in the history of Christianity. | 8 | |
| 7515263451 | Perpetua | Perpetua and Felicity (believed to have died in 203 AD) were Christian martyrs of the 3rd century. Vibia Perpetua was a married noblewoman, said to have been 22 years old at the time of her death, and mother of an infant she was nursing. | 9 | |
| 7515269875 | Confucianism | Confucianism, also known as Ruism, is described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or simply a way of life. | 10 | |
| 7515277258 | Daoism | a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao | 11 | |
| 7515278738 | Upanishads | The Upanishads are a collection of ancient Sanskrit texts that contain some of the central philosophical concepts and ideas of Hinduism, some of which are shared with Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. | 12 | |
| 7515278739 | Nalanda | Nalanda was an acclaimed Mahavihara, a large Buddhist monastery in the ancient kingdom of Magadha in India. | 13 | |
| 7515280941 | Zoroastrianism | Zoroastrianism is one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Iran approximately 3500 years ago. expand all. | 14 | |
| 7515284727 | Greek Rationalism | He was a student of the Classical Greece philosopher Socrates, the credited founder of Western philosophy. Aristotle was another of Greece's known thinkers. Aristotle's contribution to rationalism comes from a use of *syllogistic logic. | 15 | |
| 7515287901 | Jesus of Nazareth | a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29) Synonyms: Christ, Deliverer, Good Shepherd, Jesus, Jesus Christ, Redeemer, Savior, Saviour, the Nazarene Examples: El Nino. | 16 | |
| 7515290787 | Church of the East | The Church of the East, also known as the Nestorian Church, was an Eastern Christian Church in the Persian Empire and other parts of Asia during the late antiquity period and throughout the middle ages. | 17 |
