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AP World History Chapter 5 Flashcards

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8884965960Han Dynasty(202 BCE-220 CE) This dynasty of China continued the centralization of the Qin Dynasty, but focused on Confucianism and education instead of Legalism.0
8884965961Wu DiProbably the most important emperor of the Han Dynasty; he started China's first civil service system c. 124 BCE to help oversee the day-to-day business of running the government.1
8884965962Wang MangA reformist official in 9 CE who was troubled by the plight of the peasants seized power from the Han court and declared the foundation of the Xin dynasty (New dynasty). He was assassinated in 23 CE, probably due to his radical reform movements.2
8884965963Yellow Turban RebellionA massive Chinese peasant uprising inspired by Daoist teachings that began in 184 C.E. with the goal of establishing a new golden age of equality and harmony.3
8884965964Caste SystemThe system in old India that separated the people into social categories, but based mostly on color with the Aryans always on the top of the social pyramid.4
8884965965VarnaThe four major social divisions in India's caste system: the Brahmin priest class, the Kshatriya warrior/administrator class, the Vaishya merchant/farmer class, and the Shudra laborer class.5
8884965966JatiA sub-varna in the caste system of India that gave people of sense of community because they usually consisted of people working in the same occupation.6
8884965967DharmaIn Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties "It is better to do one's own duty badly than another's well."7
8884965968Classical Labor SystemsSlavery & Wage labor in the Greco-Roman world, Caste in India, Peasant farming in China (along with the persistence elsewhere of sustenance farming, pastoral nomadism, and hunting/gathering).8
8884965969DelosGreek island sacred to Apollo that was the namesake for the Delian League (basically the empire of Athens). Home to a slave-trading network during the Roman empire.9
8884965970Saint PaulMissionary of Christianity who compared followers of God to "slaves of Christ."10
8884965971Saint AugustineChristian theologian who describes slavery as God's punishment for sin.11
8884965972LatifundiaHuge estates owned by wealthy families in the Roman Empire that utilized slave labor for production.12
8884965973ManumissionA grant of legal freedom to an individual slave (a common practice in the Greco-Roman world that would not be accompanied later in the Trans-Atlantic slavery world).13
8884965974SpartacusA Roman gladiator who led the most serious slave revolt in Roman history from 73 to 71 B.C.E.14
8884965975Appian WayA major road connecting Rome to southern Italy built by the Romans (home to thousands of crucified slaves after the revolt of Spartacus).15
8884965976PatriarchyA form of social organization in which males dominate females (gender hierarchies of the Classical Era).16
8884965977Yin and YangIn Daoist belief, complementary factors that help to maintain the equilibrium of the world. One is associated with masculine, light, and active qualities while the other with feminine, dark, and passive qualities.17
8884965978Three ObediencesA notion in some Eastern cultures that a woman owes subordination first to her father, then to her husband, and third to her son.18
8884965979Ban ZhouThe first female Chinese historian who wrote about the Han dynasty in the first and second centuries CE. (45-116 CE)19
8884965980Empress Wu(690 - 705 C.E.) Tang ruler who supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created.20
8884965981Tang Dynasty(618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system.21
8884965982Aristotle(384-322 BCE) Greek philosopher who wrote about social relationships including arguing that slavery for some people was "by nature" and argued that women were inferior to men as a sort of "inadequacy."22
8884965983AspasiaA well-educated woman who helped shape Athenian politics as an adviser to Pericles (an exception in Athens). She was frequently referred to as a prostitute in Athenian discourse and poetry.23
8884965984Pericles(495? BCE-429? BCE) Athenian statesman. He was the central ruler of Athens during its golden age. He was the central patron behind many of their achievements. He was also a very skilled speaker.24
8884965985HelotsSlaves in the Spartan polis.25
8884965986PlutarchGreek biographer of the first to early second century CE. Author of Parallel Lives which compared famous men of classical Greece and republican Rome.26
8884965987Xenephon(430 - 354 BCE) Athenian writer and student of Socrates known for his account of the final years of the Peloponnesian War and writings about his teacher.27
8884965988When was the Imperial Academy for Chinese official training built, and by whom?124 BCE, by Emperor Wu Di (enrolled 30,000 students)28
8884965989Poetry of Buddhist Nuns set into writing100 BCE29
8884965990Spartacus Slave Rebellion73 BCE30
8884965991Laws of Manu Established1-200 CE31
8884965992Emperor Wang Mang in power100 CE32
8884965993Ban Zhao life45-116 CE33
8884965994Vesuvius Eruption79 CE34
8884965995Yellow Turban Rebellion Period184 CE35
8884965996Slavery replaced by serfdom in Rome500 CE36
8884965997Empress Wu Reign690-705 CE37
8884965998Merchants in ChinaTypically oppressed and exploited, since they "contribute nothing" directly, but occasionally become very wealthy and raise respectable sons.38
8884965999Brahmin (Caste: Color, Purusha part, Duties)1st: White/Spirituality, Head, Priests/Teachers39
8884966000Kshatriya (Caste: Color, Purusha part, Duties)2nd: Red/Courage, Shoulders, Warriors40
8884966001Vaisya (Caste: Color, Purusha part, Duties)3rd: Yellow/Wealth, Thighs, Farmers41
8884966002Sudra (Caste: Color, Purusha part, Duties)4th: Black/Ignorance, Feet, Labor42
8884966003Untouchables (Caste: Color, Purusha part, Duties)N/A (5th): -, -, polluted labor43
8884966004Percentage of slaves as Roman population33-40%44
8884966005Which job were slaves restricted from serving in?Military service45
8884966006Slaves often worked as these prominent professions...Doctors, teachers, business agents, entertainers, actors, skilled artisans46
8884966007MenanderQuoted as saying that teaching women to read and write is like feeding a vile snake on poison.47
8884966008Differences in Spartan and Athenian PatriarchyWomen had a more active role in Sparta, since they were the ones that would produce Sparta's army. They were not seen as required to stay in the house.48
8884966009Why did Spartan women exercise more authority in the house?Men were often away at war.49

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