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| 10950103234 | Wang Mang | A *Han court official* who usurped the throne and ruled from 8 C.E. to 23 C.E.; noted for *his reform movement* that included the *breakup of large estates.* |  | 0 |
| 10950116080 | China's scholar-gentry class | A term used to *describe members* of China's *landowning families,* reflecting their *wealth from the land* and the *privilege that they derived as government officials.* |  | 1 |
| 10950152690 | Ge Hong | Born into an upper class family in China during troubled times (283-343 C.E.), his efforts to *balance Confucian service to society* and his own desire to *pursue a more solitary and interior life* in the Daoist tradition reflected the situation of many in his class. |  | 2 |
| 10950174598 | Yellow Turban Rebellion | A *massive Chinese peasant uprising* inspired by *Daoist teachings* that began in 184 C.E. with the *goal of establishing a new golden age of equality and harmony.* |  | 3 |
| 10950194442 | caste as varna and jati | The *system of social organization in India* that has evolved over millennia; it is *based on an original division* of the populace into four inherited classes, with the addition of thousands of social distinctions based on occupation, which became the *main cell of social life in India.* |  | 4 |
| 10950206009 | "ritual purity" in Indian social practice | In India, *the idea that members of higher castes must adhere to strict regulations* limiting or forbidding their contact with objects and members of lower castes to preserve their own caste standing and their relationship with the gods. |  | 5 |
| 10950213535 | Greek and Roman slavery | In the Greek and Roman world, *slaves were captives from war and piracy (and their descendants), abandoned children, and the victims of long-distance trade*; manumission was common. Among the Greeks, *household service was the most common form of slavery*, but in parts of the Roman state, *thousands of slaves were employed under brutal conditions in the mines and on great plantations.* |  | 6 |
| 10950224236 | Spartacus | A *Roman gladiator* who *led*the *most serious slave revolt* in Roman history from 73 to 71 B.C.E.). |  | 7 |
| 10950240260 | Patriarchy | A form of *social organization* in which *males dominate females* |  | 8 |
| 10950257932 | the "three obediences" | In Chinese Confucian thought, the notion that a *woman is permanently subordinate to male control*: first to her father, then to her husband, and finally to her son. |  | 9 |
| 10950264014 | Empress Wu | the *only woman to rule China in her own name*, expanded the empire and *supported Buddhism during the Tang Dynasty.* |  | 10 |
| 10950271292 | Aspasia and Pericles | A *foreign woman resident* in Athens (ca. 470-400 B.C.E.) who was *famed for her learning and wit*. She was the partner of the statesman *Pericles, who worked to extend the rights of Athenian citizens.* |  | 11 |
| 10950275653 | Helots | *enslaved people in ancient Sparta* |  | 12 |
