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| 5720886919 | Which of the following was primarily a philosophical movement, rather than a religion focusing on the supernatural? a. Judaism b. Zoroastrianism c. Confucianism d. Buddhism | C. confusianism | 0 | |
| 5720886920 | Which of the following cultural traditions did NOT develop in China during the "age of warring states"? a. Confucianism b. Daoism c. Legalism d. Buddhism | d | 1 | |
| 5720886921 | All EXCEPT which of the following statements is true of the religious and philosophical traditions that developed in Eurasia in the centuries surrounding 500 b.c.e.? a. All sought to define a single source of order and meaning in the universe. b. All elevated the value of humankind. c. All reacted in some way to an earlier polytheism. d. All emphasized personal moral or spiritual transformation. | b | 2 | |
| 5720886922 | Which of the following statements is the best definition of the Chinese philosophy known as Legalism? a. Legalists believed that social harmony could be created and maintained by clearly spelling out laws and enforcing them strictly with rewards and punishments. b. Legalists believed that the way to create social harmony was by strict adherence to moral "laws" that people would be taught to obey voluntarily. c. Legalists believed that the laws of China were handed down from heaven, and that divine forces would destroy those who did not follow them. d. Legalists believed that the best way to provide social harmony was by creating a wide popular consensus to legislate and enforce laws. | a | 3 | |
| 5720886923 | Confucius believed that it was possible to restore social harmony in all EXCEPT which of the following ways? a. Superiors should provide a good moral example to their inferiors. b. People should meditate on nature as the key means to restore their sense of balance with the world. c. Elites should receive a broad liberal arts education as the key to moral improvement. d. Superiors should cultivate benevolence or nobility of heart as the essential ingredient of a peaceful society. | b | 4 | |
| 5720886924 | Which of the following statements best expresses Confucian sentiments about women? a. Although women are weaker than men physically, the two sexes are intellectually equal. b. Women are subordinate to their husbands, but they are equal to their brothers and other family members of their own generation. c. Women should maintain modesty and always yield to others. d. Women should be veiled and strictly secluded at all times. | c | 5 | |
| 5720886925 | Which of the following is NOT an effect that Confucianism had on Chinese culture? a. Thanks to Confucianism, elite Chinese culture was essentially nonreligious in character. b. The Confucian-based examination system allowed some social mobility for talented young men who were able to afford an education. c. Confucianism stressed that emperors should rule justly and provide for the material needs of their people. d. Confucianism encouraged individualistic and natural behavior among the elite. | d | 6 | |
| 5720886926 | Belief in an underlying and unchanging principle that governs all natural phenomena is central to which of the following cultural traditions? a. Daoism b. Zoroastrianism c. Confucianism d. Buddhism | a | 7 | |
| 5720886927 | Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Daoism and Confucianism, as understood by Chinese elites? a. Daoism is an offshoot of Confucianism that develops the mystical elements inherent in Confucius' teachings. b. Daoism and Confucianism were usually in strict opposition to each other, and people could not practice both simultaneously. c. Daoism and Confucianism were regarded as complementary rather than contradictory. d. Most Confucians despised Daoism as a meaningless superstition. | c | 8 | |
| 5720886928 | Which of the following statements about the Upanishads is TRUE? a. They are a body of works that seek to probe the inner meaning of the earlier Vedas. b. They put a priority on introspection instead of external ritual. c. They were a response to discontent, as the Brahmins claimed too much wealth and privilege through their control of Vedic rituals. d. All of the above. | d | 9 | |
| 5720886929 | Which of the following cultural traditions is most concerned with the imperfection and impermanence of human life? a. Buddhism b. Hinduism c. Confucianism d. Daoism | a | 10 | |
| 5720886930 | uddhism shares all EXCEPT which of the following teachings with Hinduism? a. The concept of karma and rebirth b. The need for individuals to take responsibility for their own spiritual development c. The practice of meditation d. The hope for a final release from the cycle of rebirth | b | 11 | |
| 5720886931 | Which of the following statements best explains the position of women as classical Buddhist nuns? a. Buddhist nuns, like their secular counterparts, remained under the strong patriarchal authority of their father or other male head of family. b. Women lived in double monasteries with men, where they were expected to tend to the household needs of the male monks while also devoting themselves to meditation. c. The position of Buddhist women was better than that of women in Hinduism, but they were still restricted and subordinated to men. d. Buddhist nuns were recognized to have full spiritual equality with men, and could serve in positions of authority over both men and women. | c | 12 | |
| 5720886932 | Which of the following is NOT a difference between Mahayana and Theravada Buddhism? a. Unlike Theravada, Mahayana Buddhism venerates the Buddha as a god. b. Unlike Theravada, Mahayana Buddhism holds that spiritually developed people (bodhisattvas) help others to reach nirvana, instead of emphasizing that individuals were on their own. c. Unlike Theravada, Mahayana Buddhism became a popular religion of salvation. d. Unlike Theravada, Mahayana Buddhism instituted a formal priesthood whose rituals were meant to help people reach nirvana. | d | 13 | |
| 5720886933 | Which of the following was never an important element in Hinduism? a. Intense introspection in an effort to understand the meaning behind traditional rituals b. Retreat from the world to an organized, communal religious life c. Intense adoration and identification with a particular deity through song, prayer, and ritual d. Elaborate rituals performed by a hereditary priestly caste | b | 14 | |
| 5720886934 | All EXCEPT which of the following religions foretells a savior figure who will restore either individuals or the world itself to purity and peace? a. Daoism b. Zoroastrianism c. Mahayana Buddhism d. Christianity | a | 15 | |
| 5720886935 | Which of the following is NOT part of the distinctively Jewish conception of the divine? a. Belief that there is only one God, usually regarded as masculine b. Belief that God demands social justice and moral righteousness above sacrifices c. Belief that God is engaged in the human historical process d. Belief that God is part of the forces of nature, and that he expresses himself through them | d | 16 | |
| 5720886936 | Which cultural tradition is particularly noted for its emphasis on logic and relentless questioning of received wisdom, without giving much role to the gods? a. Confucian philosophy b. Greek philosophy c. Daoism d. Zoroastrianism | b | 17 | |
| 5720886937 | Which of the following comparisons between the teachings of Jesus and the Buddha is NOT true? a. More than the Buddha, Jesus actively engaged with the supernatural, both by talking about God and by working miracles. b. Jesus was much more concerned with the poor and oppressed than was the Buddha. c. Only Jesus stressed love of others as a central teaching. d. Only the Buddha died peacefully after a long life of public preaching. | c | 18 | |
| 5720886938 | All EXCEPT which of the following helped early Christianity spread in the Roman Empire? a. Paul's message that Jesus' message was for everyone, not just Jews, and that converts did not need to follow Jewish rituals b. The widespread popularity of monotheism as a religious concept in the Roman Empire c. Christianity's good reputation for the care its followers gave to one another d. Reports of impressive miracles | b | 19 |
