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Ap World History Chapter 7 Flashcards

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4961245310Abbasid Empire-Coalition with the Mawali -Capital: Baghdad -(Center of Learning) -(Obtained Math and Science from Gupta India) -Sunni -Appointed Wazirs (Chief Adminstrator) and Royal Executioners -Mawali never had to pay Jizya again (the tax for being a convert)0
4961245311Harun al Rashid-Extremely powerful and rich -Abbasid Empire Caliph -Used Persians as Wazirs -Death leads to a civil war1
4961245312Women-Increased subjugation of women -Confined and Secluded -Could only gain freedom/power by bearing healthy sons2
4961245313Slaves-Were prized for their: -Education -Beauty -Entertainment purposes -And above all else they were USEFUL3
4961245314Buyids-Persian -Captured Baghdad in 945 -Took power of/from the Caliphs -Shi'ite Islam influenced them4
4961245315Seljuk Turks-Sunnis -Crushed the Byzantines, stops them from taking over -Intolerant of Shi'ites -Lays foundations for Ottoman Empire5
4961245316Crusades-The 1st Crusades is the only Actual Successful Crusades -1099 Jerusalem is taken in the 1st Crusade6
4961245317Outremer- The Christian States of Jerusalem: -County of Edessa -Principality of Antioch -County of Tripoli -Kingdom of Jerusalem7
4961245318Saladin-Takes back Jerusalem -Ransomed Knights of Crusades (sold some into slavery)8
4961245319Richard The Lionhearted-Weird mutual respect between him and Saladin during Crusades -Captured for ransom -Never makes it home to England9
4961245320Impact of the Crusades-Improves trade in this area -Trade dominated by North Italian city states -New Items are "discovered" like: -New Weapons -New Medicine -Rugs -Textiles -Dates -Coffee -And Yogurt -Enduring hostility between Muslims and Christians -Connected Europe to the rest of the World (trading wise) -Long distance trade flourished10
4961245321Art-Ornate Palaces and Mosques -Ceramics -Lots of Artists where employed in this time... Lots11
4961245322Education- 1st Preserved and compiled learning of Ancient Civilizations Literature -Firdausi's Epic Shah-Nama ("Book of Kings") -Persian replaces Arabic Science -Abbasids left a huge mark -Al-Razi - Creates Classification system -Animals -Vegetables -Minerals -Astronomy Math -Trigonometry -Sine -Cosine -Tangent12
4961245323Scientific AchievementsPractical applications -Better Hospitals -Optics/Bladder Ailments -Better Maps - Cartography -Perfected papermaking, silk-weaving, ceramic firing -Machines13
4961245324Religious Trends-Orthodox vs. Mystics -Strict Ways (Orthodox Muslims) vs. Mystical ways (Sufis)14
4961245325Sufis-Wondering Mystics -Healers -Miracle workers -Militant Bands -Mediation -Songs -Drugs -Spinning dances (Dervishes)15
4961245326Orthodox Muslims-Gained prominence after Crusades -Strict to the ways of Islam -Quran (Final, perfect, complete revelation)16
4961245327Nomadic Invasions-Mongols -Mamluks -Tamerlane17
4961245328Mongols-Led by Chinggis Khan (Gangues Khan) -Sacked Baghdad -Put the 38th Caliph to death (By marching an army over his body)18
4961245329Mamluks-Turkish slave dynasty -Stopped the Mongols19
4961245330Tamerlane-Takes Baghdad -Last great Nomadic invader20
4961245331Indian Influences on Islam-Scientific learning -Hindu Mathematics (Algebra/Geometry) -Hindu numerals -Medicine -Building styles -Chess -Indian foods -Elephant riding21
4961245332First Wave of Muslim Invaders-Arab Seafarers -Muhammad Ibn Qasim -Brought little change -Lower taxes -Greater religious toleration -Local officials get to retain titles -Status of Brahman castes repected -Arabs lived in Cities/Garrison towns22
4961245333Muhammad Ibn Qasim-Preemptive assault to punish attack of Arab trading23
4961245334Second Wave of Muslim Invasions-Muhammad of Ghazni -Muhammad of Ghur -Delhi (Capital of Northern India (Islamic State)) -Safi mystics -Hindu Revival -Shrivijaya24
4961245335Muhammad of Ghazni-Seeking wealth -Desire to spread Muslim faith -Defeated regional princes25
4961245336Muhammad of Ghur-Pushed territory further26
4961245337Safi-Mystics -Similar to Gurus27
4961245338Hindu RevivalBhaktic Cults -Calls to gods and goddesses -Helped flow of Islam -Open to everyone Kabir -Played down Difference28
4961245339Shrivijaya-Islam spread to Southeast Asia -Indonesian Trading Posts -Increase of Muslim trading centers29
4961245340Slavery-To Muslims this was a good thing -It was the 1st step to conversion30

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