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Ap World History Chapter 7 Flashcards

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5259170570Abbasid Empire-Coalition with the Mawali -Capital: Baghdad -(Center of Learning) -(Obtained Math and Science from Gupta India) -Sunni -Appointed Wazirs (Chief Adminstrator) and Royal Executioners -Mawali never had to pay Jizya again (the tax for being a convert)0
5259170571Harun al Rashid-Extremely powerful and rich -Abbasid Empire Caliph -Used Persians as Wazirs -Death leads to a civil war1
5259170572Women-Increased subjugation of women -Confined and Secluded -Could only gain freedom/power by bearing healthy sons2
5259170573Slaves-Were prized for their: -Education -Beauty -Entertainment purposes -And above all else they were USEFUL3
5259170574Buyids-Persian -Captured Baghdad in 945 -Took power of/from the Caliphs -Shi'ite Islam influenced them4
5259170575Seljuk Turks-Sunnis -Crushed the Byzantines, stops them from taking over -Intolerant of Shi'ites -Lays foundations for Ottoman Empire5
5259170576Crusades-The 1st Crusades is the only Actual Successful Crusades -1099 Jerusalem is taken in the 1st Crusade6
5259170577Outremer- The Christian States of Jerusalem: -County of Edessa -Principality of Antioch -County of Tripoli -Kingdom of Jerusalem7
5259170578Saladin-Takes back Jerusalem -Ransomed Knights of Crusades (sold some into slavery)8
5259170579Richard The Lionhearted-Weird mutual respect between him and Saladin during Crusades -Captured for ransom -Never makes it home to England9
5259170580Impact of the Crusades-Improves trade in this area -Trade dominated by North Italian city states -New Items are "discovered" like: -New Weapons -New Medicine -Rugs -Textiles -Dates -Coffee -And Yogurt -Enduring hostility between Muslims and Christians -Connected Europe to the rest of the World (trading wise) -Long distance trade flourished10
5259170581Art-Ornate Palaces and Mosques -Ceramics -Lots of Artists where employed in this time... Lots11
5259170582Education- 1st Preserved and compiled learning of Ancient Civilizations Literature -Firdausi's Epic Shah-Nama ("Book of Kings") -Persian replaces Arabic Science -Abbasids left a huge mark -Al-Razi - Creates Classification system -Animals -Vegetables -Minerals -Astronomy Math -Trigonometry -Sine -Cosine -Tangent12
5259170583Scientific AchievementsPractical applications -Better Hospitals -Optics/Bladder Ailments -Better Maps - Cartography -Perfected papermaking, silk-weaving, ceramic firing -Machines13
5259170584Religious Trends-Orthodox vs. Mystics -Strict Ways (Orthodox Muslims) vs. Mystical ways (Sufis)14
5259170585Sufis-Wondering Mystics -Healers -Miracle workers -Militant Bands -Mediation -Songs -Drugs -Spinning dances (Dervishes)15
5259170586Orthodox Muslims-Gained prominence after Crusades -Strict to the ways of Islam -Quran (Final, perfect, complete revelation)16
5259170587Nomadic Invasions-Mongols -Mamluks -Tamerlane17
5259170588Mongols-Led by Chinggis Khan (Gangues Khan) -Sacked Baghdad -Put the 38th Caliph to death (By marching an army over his body)18
5259170589Mamluks-Turkish slave dynasty -Stopped the Mongols19
5259170590Tamerlane-Takes Baghdad -Last great Nomadic invader20
5259170591Indian Influences on Islam-Scientific learning -Hindu Mathematics (Algebra/Geometry) -Hindu numerals -Medicine -Building styles -Chess -Indian foods -Elephant riding21
5259170592First Wave of Muslim Invaders-Arab Seafarers -Muhammad Ibn Qasim -Brought little change -Lower taxes -Greater religious toleration -Local officials get to retain titles -Status of Brahman castes repected -Arabs lived in Cities/Garrison towns22
5259170593Muhammad Ibn Qasim-Preemptive assault to punish attack of Arab trading23
5259170594Second Wave of Muslim Invasions-Muhammad of Ghazni -Muhammad of Ghur -Delhi (Capital of Northern India (Islamic State)) -Safi mystics -Hindu Revival -Shrivijaya24
5259170595Muhammad of Ghazni-Seeking wealth -Desire to spread Muslim faith -Defeated regional princes25
5259170596Muhammad of Ghur-Pushed territory further26
5259170597Safi-Mystics -Similar to Gurus27
5259170598Hindu RevivalBhaktic Cults -Calls to gods and goddesses -Helped flow of Islam -Open to everyone Kabir -Played down Difference28
5259170599Shrivijaya-Islam spread to Southeast Asia -Indonesian Trading Posts -Increase of Muslim trading centers29
5259170600Slavery-To Muslims this was a good thing -It was the 1st step to conversion30

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