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AP World History - Chapter 8 Flashcards

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13550131483Islam, one, AllahThe fastest growing religion in the world...is centered around the belief in...god called...0
13550131484Arabian PeninsulaWhere were the Bedouins living in the 6th century?1
13550131485Nomadic, tribal, and polytheisticThe Bedouin culture was mostly...2
13550131486SheikhsWho ruled each clan or tribe in the Bedouin culture?3
13550131487Polygyny...is when a man has more than one wife at a time4
13550131488PolytheisticWere the Bedouins polytheistic or monotheistic?5
13550131558Arabian Peninsula6
13550131489MeccaCity in Saudi Arabia that is considered to be a holy city7
13550131490Relic, wordThe black stone of Mecca is a...because it has the...of God8
13550131491Honesty, generosityThe Bedouin tribes valued...and...9
13550131492Land trade, camelsThe Bedouins...routes with...formed the basis of the Arabian economy10
13550131493Water travel...eventually became more popular than overland routes11
13550131494MerchantMuhammad was a...12
13550131495Caravan managerMuhammad became a...13
13550131496Revelations, AllahMuhammad experienced...that he attributed to the angel of the deity...14
13550131497QuranAn Islamic sacred book said to be the literal word of God15
13550131498YesDid it take long for Muhammad to gather followers of Allah?16
13550131499ProphetMuhammad is the last...17
13550131500MedinaThe city that Muhammad and his followers fled to when they were persecuted, and where the first Muslim community was:18
13550131501HegiraThe name of the flight of Muhammad and his followers because of persecution19
13550131502Ka'abaThe most important holy building of Islam20
13550131503Military conquest, movementA way that Islam was spread was...and the...of people21
13550131504EgalitarianIslam is an...religion22
13550131505WasWhen Islam was spread through military conquest and they had conquered a region, Islamic rule was/wasn't tolerant of the religion23
13550131506MonotheisticWas Islam polytheistic or monotheistic?24
13550131507Salvation and hope, Allah, QuranPrinciples of Islam: The ideas of...of an afterlife, the importance of submission to the will of...and a belief in the...as the sacred book25
13550131508Five PillarsCore set of obligations for Muslims26
13550131509God, Allah, five, alms, Ramadan, pilgrimageBelief in one...called... Praying...times a day Giving...to the poor Fasting during the month of... Making a...to Mecca once in your life27
13550131510JihadConcept of struggle to strive in the way of Allah and to improve both oneself and society28
13550131511ShariahA code of law that outlines behavioral requirements for daily life that was developed after Muhammad's death. (Based on the Quran)29
13550131512Ali and Abu BakrAfter Muhammad's death, who were the two people that were running to become the leader of the Islamic community?30
13550131513CaliphReligious ruler31
13550131514BakrWho became the first caliph?32
13550131515AliWho became the fourth caliph?33
13550131516SunnisSupporters of Abu Bakr34
13550131517Shia, ShiitesSupporters of Ali became the...group, also known as...35
13550131518Byzantine, Persian Sassanid, taxesWhen Bakr seized lands from the...Empire and the...Empire, he didn't force religious conversion. Instead the...were lower if you converted.36
13550131519Merchants, generals, and armies, UmayyadWhen Ali was assassinated a group of...took power and founded the...Dynasty37
13550131520SunniWas the Umayyad Dynasty in Damascus and Córdoba Sunni or Shia?38
13550131521DamascusWhere was the Umayyad Dynasty moved to? (From Medina)39
13550131522Abbasids, Umayyads, BaghdadThe...conquered the...and made a new city for their capital called...40
13550131523CaliphateAn Islamic state41
13550131524BaghdadWhere were the Abbasids?42
13550131525LearningBaghdad became the center of...43
13550131526PaperThe invention of thicker...was an achievement of Baghdad44
13550131527Hierarchical, bureaucracyThe Abbasids became increasingly...with a continually growing...45
13550131528ViziersPrime ministers in the Abbasid Empire46
13550131529AssassinationBeing a ruler in the Abbasid empire because you risked potential...attempts47
13550131530Attacks from outside groupsThe Abbasid Empire suffered from...48
13550131531Group that defeated the AbbasidsThe Mongols49
13550131532Economic, militaryThe Abbasids faced both...and...troubles50
13550131533CordobaWhere did the Umayyads move their capital to after it was moved to Damascus?51
13550131534Islamic expansion, Western EuropeThe loss of the Battle of Tours for the Islamic military marked the limit of...into...52
13550131535Tolerant, AbbasidsUmayyad rulers in Córdoba were...in terms of religion, like the..in Baghdad53
13550131536TradeThe Umayyad rulers in Córdoba promoted...54
13550131537DhowsThe trade that was promoted by the Umayyad rulers in Córdoba occured because of goods traveling ships called...55
13550131538LearningThe Islamic state in Córdoba, Spain became a center for...56
13550131539Aristotle, GreekIslamic scholars saved the works of...and other...thinkers57
13550131540Farmers, sailors, nomadsBefore Muhammad there were more...and...than pastoral...58
13550131541Byzantine, Islamic, Muslims, Christians, and JewsTrade between the...and the...empires created contacts between the religious groups:...59
13550131542Weren't, rulerWhen Islamic expansion occurred, the Islamic soldiers were/weren't allowed to own property that they took over, which allowed the people's lives to not be changed greatly. They would just be paying to a different...60
13550131543Merchants, European, AsianThe role of...in Islamic society was greater than in other...and...societies at the time.61
13550131544DidIslam did/didn't allow slavery.62
13550131545No, couldn't MuslimsWhen slaves converted to Islam, were the owners allowed to keep them enslaved? Y/N? Because Muslims could/couldn't enslave other...63
13550131546Slave women,Did slave women or wives have more independence?64
13550131547Markets, buySlave women were allowed to go to...or run errands. They could gather enough money to...their freedom.65
13550131548HijabHeadscarf/veil used by women to cover their heads66
13550131549Raised, love, devotion, educated, businessMuhammad...the status of women by treating his wives with...and...Also Muhammad's first wife was...and owned her own...67
13550131550HigherIslamic women had a...status than Christian and Jewish women68
13550131551UmmaA whole community of Muslims69
13550131552HaremThe separate part of a Muslim household for the wives, concubines, and the women's children70
13550131553SufisA new Islamic group in India and Persia71
13550131554Rituals, chants, GodThe Sufis followed...and...to attempt to unite with...72

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