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Ap World History Chapter 9 Flashcards

Temporarily unified India under the Gupta and Mauryan Dynasties

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360700657PunjabA northern region of India. It is the only way one can enter India by land without going over the Himalayas0
360700658Maurya DynastyAn Indian Empire that had a bureaucratic administration. It unified all of India into a peaceful and stable empire save for the southern tip of India1
360700659Maurya DynastyA dynasty that fell when it overtaxed the people, which led to rebellion which overthrew the emperor. It split into multiple regional kingdoms2
360700660Maurya DynastyThe empire in India that supported Buddhism, and later accepted Hinduism when it arose3
360700661varnaThe main social class distinction in the caste system4
360700662brahminsThe head social class, the priests5
360700663kshatriyasthe nobles and warriors6
360700664vaishyasthe artisans and merchants7
360700665shudrasthe peasants and serfs8
360700666untouchablesThe lowest social class. Those who perform unclean and unholy jobs and are excluded from society9
360700667Four Noble TruthsSays that desire causes suffering, elimination of desire eliminates suffering, all life involves suffering, a disciplined life following the Eight-fold Path ends all desire10
360700668Four Noble TruthsThe core of the dharma and Buddhism11
360700669Noble Eight-fold PathA teaching of Buddhism that demands individuals to lead moderate lives, reject luxuries, and follow an ascetic way of life to obtain salvation12
360700670Chandra GuptaA leader who made alliances with other kingdoms and gradually made them subservient to his rule. In this way he founded the Gupta Empire13
360700671Samudra GuptaSuccessor of Chandra Gupta who worked to expand the Gupta empire even farther. He helped rebuild Pataliputra and formed more alliance with nearby kingdoms14
360700672Chandra Gupta IISuccessor of Samudra Gupta who expanded the Gupta empire and rebuilt Pataliputra.15
360700673Chandragupta MauryaFounder of the Maurya Empire16
360700674Chandragupta MauryaA leader who exploited the turmoil that Alexander the Great left when he attacked India. He overthrew the Magadha empire and expanded his own empire into Greek Bactria17
360700675Magadha EmpireThe empire that ruled Punjab, endured Alexander the Great's attack, and was conquered by the Maurya Dynasty18
360700676White HunsThe nomadic invaders from Greek Bactria. They constantly strained the Gupta Empire with constant invasions.19
360700677White HunsThe invaders that expanded into Gupta India. They established their own kingdoms in Gupta territory which eventually overthrew the Gupta Empire20
360700678Siddhartha GuatamaFounder of Buddhism who tried to find the source of suffering. He achieved enlightenment and made the Noble Eight-fold Path and the Four Noble Truths21
360700679The BuddhaWhat Guatama became after he achieved enlightenment while meditating under a tree. His name means " the enlightened one"22
360700680Bodh GavaThe place that Guatama achieved enlightenment23
360700681dharmaThe core teaching of Buddhism that includes the Noble Eight-fold Path and the Four Noble Truths. ( In Hinduism it is an ethic that said one must obey religious and moral laws)24
360700682guildsA social unit in India formed by people who have the same profession and social class25
360700683guildsA corporate body that supervises the wages and protected it's workers. Members formed their own small communities and caused the jati to be made26
360700684Gupta EmpireThe empire that later unified India after the Maurya Empire27
360700685Gupta EmpireThe Indian empire that was established through exploitative alliances, not through conquest. It relied on those alliances with regional kingdoms to govern28
360700686Ashoka MauryaThe grandson of Chandragupta Maurya who brought the Maurya Empire to it's height.29
360700687Ashoka MauryaThe emperor who strengthened his control on his bureaucracy and built Pataliputra. He also supported Buddhism and built many statues and pillars to announce laws. His death sent the Mauryan Empire into decline30
360700688Ashoka MauryaThe Mauryan emperor who built many roads and irrigation systems in India to increase trade within India31
360700689KalingaThe independent territory that Ashoka Maurya conquered. During this battle he underwent a spiritual transformation making him a Buddhist32
360700690jatiA subcaste, it refers to your profession and many in the same jati formed guilds33
360700691stupasPopular shrines that housed relics of the Buddha and Bodhisattvas. It is a sort of religious museum funded by nobles34
360700692nirvanaPersonal salvation one could achieve in both Buddhism and Hinduism. It occurred when you escaped the cycle of reincarnation and obtained eternal bliss.35
360700693VishnuThe preserver of the world. One of the main gods in Hinduism. He often takes the form of humans.36
360700694MahabharataThe Hindu epic that explains the role of your social class and involves Vishnu37
360700695PataliputraThe capital for the Maurya and Gupta Empires. It was a cosmopolitan city that had massive wealth. It resided on the Ganges river and was well planned out to a rectangular shape38
360700696caste systemA social order system that was created by the Aryans.It also serves as a sort of political order as well, as social classes have power over the others39
360700697JainismAn influential religion that arose in India when people started to stray from brahmin rituals. It emphasizes ahimsa to extreme extents and believes even non-living things have souls40
360700698JainismA religion that requires your entire life to obtain salvation. It involves extreme asceticism which led to it's unpopularity when Buddhism arose41
360700699Vardhamana MahaviraThe founder of Jainism42
360700700bodhisattvasPeople who obtained enlightenment but chose to stay on earth in order to help others do the same. They were examples of excellence and saints of Buddhism.43
360700701ahimsaThe process by which souls are purified in Jainism. In all religions, however, it is to not hurt any other soul in anything or anyone44

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